Real-time evaluation of connected in-ground termite stations in laboratory colonies of Coptotermes gestroi and Prorhinotermes sp.

Subterranean termites represent a major challenge in infestation management and monitoring. This study evaluates the effectiveness of connected in-ground stations for termite control, incorporating an advanced electronic device developed and patented by Groupe Berkem (Novaterm®). These stations are linked to a gateway unit that collects the detected signals and transmits them remotely via a 4G network. The data collected are measurements over time of density variations within the cavity of the station where the substrate is installed, converted to kHz frequencies by an oscillator.The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions on four colonies of each species, Coptotermes gestroi and Prorhinotermes sp.. Pinus sylvestris prisms, initially inserted into the stations, were gradually replaced with neutral bait cartridges (without insecticide) made of specific plant fibers to analyze termite trophic preferences and exploration dynamics.
The results show that the two substrates are consumed in different proportions, and that both species exhibit distinct feeding behaviors. Notably, C. gestroi shows a marked preference for the neutral cartridges over wood. Analysis of the signals transmitted by the Novaterm® system reveals that, in the case of wood, variations in frequency density are low, resulting in smooth but moderate slopes on the frequency-time curves. In contrast, the neutral cartridges generate significantly steeper slopes, indicating more intense activity. These dynamic differences confirm to be particularly species dependent.
Seamless data transmission to a connected application optimizes the monitoring of termite cartridges interactions and enables real-time analysis. These analyses have strengthened too the durability of the termite stations in the face of biological constraints. These results open the way to applications in natural environments for integrated infestation management.