Your search resulted in 90 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Classification of wood materials using Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
2011 - IRG/WP 11-20471
…wood and non-treated wood can be demonstrated by the combination of Fourier Transform-Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) and Multivariate Analysis (MVA). This technique is non-destructive, quick, easy to use and can be portable. The calibration models for different heavy metals are set up using…
M A Bouslamti, M A Irle, C Belloncle, V Salvador, S Hulot, B Caron, E M Qannan
Factors affecting sodium hypochlorite extraction of CCA preservative components from out of service treated wood for recycling
2009 - IRG/WP 09-50263
…There is an increasing public concern about environmental contamination from CCA treated wood when it is removed from service for reuse or recycling, placed in landfills or burned in commercial incinerators. In this paper, we investigate the effects of time, temperature and extractant concentration on chromium…
E D Gezer, P A Cooper
Biodeterioration of cultural monuments in the Republic of Macedonia
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10640
…The expertise was focused on the biodeterioration caused by wood-inhabiting fungi and moulds. A total of 38 cultural monuments, including 37 monasteries and churches and one fortress, were inspected in the areas of the towns of Skopje, Ohrid, Demir Hisar, Debar, Strumica, Stip, Kicevo, Kriva Palanka, Kumanovo,…
I Irbe, M Karadelev, I Andersone, B Andersons
Accelerated fixation of ACQ-D treated Chinese fir with different post-treatments
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40400
…it is necessary to perform some post treatments to prevent contamination of soil and ground water and reduce copper losses from ACQ treated wood in service. In this study, the potential of hot air, hot water, steaming and microwave post treatments to accelerate the fixation of copper in ACQ-D treated Chinese fir were…
Lili Yu, Jinzhen Cao, P A Cooper
Effect of fiber type and content on the natural durability of wood flour/high density polyethylene composites against rainbow fungus (Coriolus versicolor)
2007 - IRG/WP 07-40387
…Coriolus versicolor, samples containing 25% and 50% by weight of various natural fibers and HDPE were selected. Natural fibers included in the study were wood flour, rice hulls, hemp fibers and newsprint. Samples containing 25% and 50% natural fiber had 1% and 2% compatibilizer (Maleic anhydride polyethylene…
A Karimi, M Tajvidi, S Pourabbasi
Inorganic wood preservative levels in soil near a noise barrier treated with different preservatives after 8 years in service
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50234
In March 1996 nine test sections of a noise barrier were installed near Stockholm Sweden. The test sections include untreated Scots pine, spruce and larch and Scots pine, treated with different wood preservatives. After 8 years in service, the untreated spruce…
P A Cooper, Y T Ung, M-L Edlund, J Jermer, O Söderström
Development on Damage Functions of Wood Decay for Building Envelope Design
2005 - IRG/WP 05-10556
…steady-state conditions (Experiment A), at a cyclic water dripping under Non-steady conditions (Experiment B) and at a cyclic water dipping under-steady conditions (Experiment C), were carried out for this purpose. After these tests, each specimen was determined its longitudinal compression strength. The detection…
H Suzuki, Y Kitadani, K Suzuki, A Iwamae, H Nagai
Industrial wood preservation in Kenya. Present status – future prospects
2005 - IRG/WP 05-30385
…of forests. The population of the country has increased by 530% over the past 50 years; regular excisions have reduced forests to less than 2% of the land area. Wastage of wood during processing, through decay, and due to ineffective chemical treatment remains high and unchecked. At present, four treating…
R Venkatasamy
Recycling CCA-treated poles with Charterm
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50224-17
…all kinds of treated wood, whichever be the type of contamination of the wood.
The "Chartherm" process consists in a “distillation” of wood, at low temperature, in a neutral atmosphere. Each metric ton of wood waste getting into the system produces an average of 300 kg of clean Carbon powder, which has…
J-S Hery
Inorganic preservative levels in soil under treated wood decks after 8 years natural exposure in Borås, Sweden
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50233
Inorganic preservative components (Cu, Cr and As) were measured to a depth of 150 mm under deck structures made with Scots pine lumber treated with several different wood preservatives and installed in Borås Sweden 8 years ago. Higher contaminant levels wer…
P A Cooper, Y T Ung, M-L Edlund, J Jermer
Technologies for the Management of Wood Waste Containing Metals-Based Preservatives
2005 - IRG/WP 05-50224-16
…treated with metal-based preservatives is dictated highly by the regulations of a particular region. These regulations are a reflection of the community’s “dilution capacity” and the balance between economics and allowable levels of environmental contamination.
H M Solo-Gabriele, T G Townsend
In-house accelerated method for testing decay resistance of treated wood
2004 - IRG/WP 04-20286
…contaminants and protect the substrate from further contamination for as long period as peroxide remains in the substrate at sufficient concentration. When peroxide protected substrate is spawned with well-organized fungal organisms (for example true decay/test fungi), they will rapidly colonize the substrate…
N Vidovic
A case for adopting a standardised protocol of field and laboratory bioassays to evaluate a potential soil termiticide
2003 - IRG/WP 03-20275
…in half of the samples examined for each year of test by gas chromatography. The bioavailability of termiticide residues in the remaining soil samples are evaluated by termite bioassays using the field collected subterranean termite, Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt). Both tunnelling distance and mortality…
J R J French, B M Ahmed
The influence of soil pH on leaching of CCA elements from pressure-treated Eucalyptus saligna sapwood: environmental implication
2003 - IRG/WP 03-50203
Evidence is accumulating as to poor distribution and fixation of CCA in tropical hardwoods, and there is therefore a necessity to investigate the permanency of CCA in tropical hardwoods. The relationship between soil pH and leaching of Cu, Cr and As from CCA…
R Venkatasamy, D N Okwara
Determination of chlorine-containing wood preservatives in art objects using Micro-XRF
2003 - IRG/WP 03-20266
…was tested. Information about the relative degree of contamination and the efficacy of detoxification measures with emulsive solvent systems can be gained using the intensity of the chlorine signals. μ-XRF technique combines the advantages of a high spatial resolution, as needed in studies of…
J Bartoll, A Unger, S Krug, K Püschner, H Bronk
Do CCA treated support stakes cause increased arsenic level in crops?
2003 - IRG/WP 03-50204
…concern was whether the crop would be contaminated by the preservatives, arsenic in particular. Data from four years tracking analysis of bananas collected from the demonstration plots indicated that the arsenic levels were not significantly higher than the levels found in plants supported by untreated…
Li Zhaobang, Su Haitao, Liang Linqing
Accidental mold/termite testing of high density fiberboard (HDF) treated with borates and N’N-naphthaloylhydroxylamine (NHA)
2003 - IRG/WP 03-10462
…heavily overgrown with a variety of mold fungi. This same contamination was not seen in regular SYP specimens tested under the same conditions. Mold contamination did not appear to inhibit termite attack in any measurable way. Weight loss in control HDF specimens was 28% after 5 weeks while weight loss in control…
S N Kartal, H H Burdsall Jr, F Green III
The Phase Out of CCA in the United States
2002 - IRG/WP 02-50194
…paper explores the events that led up to the announcement by the US EPA Administrator.
J D Schert
Remediation of environmental impacts related to inorganic wood preservative chemicals using in-situ geochemical fixation
2001 - IRG/WP 01-50166-17
…in several documented cases of soil and ground water contamination at wood treatment plants due to spills or releases of the treatment chemical. The most significant impact from releases of CCA to the environment is related to hexavalent chromium contamination of ground water. This is due to the relative…
R M Thomasser, J V Rouse
Environmental situation on wood preservation industries in Bangladesh
2000 - IRG/WP 00-50148
…that different steps have been taken to minimize the contamination created by wood preserving chemicals. But in some stages, peoples are not aware in handling the treated materials and chemicals. The techniques of conditioning to allow fixation of CCA at the treating plants are rather haphazard. Soil is…
K Akhter
Review of remediation methods of sites contaminated by wood preservatives - testing of filter material for use in permeable barrier technology
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50141
…of contaminated sites. Soil and water can be treated by immobilisation, separation or destruction of contaminants. It has been common to use intensive treatment methods starting with soil excavation to reach strict purification goals. However, technical and financial reasons make it difficult to reach the…
G Rasmussen, H Iversen, S Andersen
An environmental assessment of timber treatment plants in Australia
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50124
…in Australia. The aim is to minimise the risk of chemical contamination of the environment by preservative treatment solution, as opposed to the risk from treated wood is not considered to be a hazard. The paper presents a summary of the responses and indicates that there is a range of compliance with the Standard.…
J Norton, K Riley
Biocontrol of Reticulitermes santonensis by entomopathogenic fungi
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10324
Biocontrol of subterranean termites by entomopathogenic fungi has already been studied but little work has been done on Reticulitermes santonensis. This paper deals with the screening of 8 fungi strains for their pathogenicity towards R. santonensis. Spores from Metarhizium anisopliae,…
I Le Bayon, D Ansard, C Brunet, I Paulmier, A-M Pruvost
Remediation of wood treatment sites in Finland
1999 - IRG/WP 99-50139
Finnish legislation in connection with soil contamination are firstly waste management legislation and secondly public health legislation and water legislation. There is no separate legislation concerning soil protection or remediation. The Ministry of the Environment has published a proposal for…
S Salonen
Laboratory investigations about the mobility of some inorganic wood preservatives in soils
1998 - IRG/WP 98-50101-22
…of the relevant ions in the soil solution is determined by the reactivity of the ion, and by the type of linkage between the ion and the soil. The concentration and the specific behaviour of the ions in the solid and liquid phases can be investigated using different methods, e. g. using soil column tests…
E Melcher, R-D Peek