Wood is an extremely complex and heterogeneous biological material, susceptible to biodeterioration by wood-destroying organisms. This process can be evaluated by natural resistance tests or non-destructive techniques, such as molecular fluorescence. The fluorescence of wood can be attributed to the presence of fluorophores groups or extractives, as a characteristic of some species. This study aimed to assess emitted fluorescence by Simarouba amara and Eucalyptus saligna woods after Trametes versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum decay fungi. The results showed that the molecular fluorescence was efficient to detect and discriminate previously the decay fungi in both wood species.

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