Thermal wood modification in pressurized reactors has a long history, but these processes are to date industrially scarcely used, because of the relatively complicated process equipment, compared to the more common high-temperature processes in kilns at atmospheric pressure. However, based on our practical experience with the FirmoLin® process, supported by recent scientific findings, it is found that the controlled thermal wood modification in pressurized unsaturated steam offers distinctive advantages for certain thermally modified wood products, resulting from the inherently homogeneous treatment conditions and the finite moisture content during the process.

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