Your search resulted in 1061 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Quantifying metal migration from a deck constructed with copper-azole-treated lumber
2024 - IRG/WP 24-50391
Soluble copper or micronized copper wood preservatives are the most common available wood preservative systems for residential applications in the United States. Copper containing wood preservatives have been scrutinized for their potential negative impacts on the…
G Presley, M Konkler
A comparison of the leaching resistance of diammine-copper complexes and copper carbonate precipitated in wood
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30158
…have shown that during treatment of wood with ammoniacal copper solutions, both simple copper precipitates and diammine-copper complexes are formed. The objective of the present study is to determine the relative importance of both forms of copper, on such aspects as preservative leachability and biological…
Xiao Jiang, J N R Ruddick
Sensitivity of copper indicators for detecting preservative penetration
2023 - IRG/WP 23-20701
…azo)-2-naphthol (PAN), and rubeanic acid (RA) are the three copper indicators currently used by the timber industry to assess preservative penetration. Although only the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) standards specify indicator sensitivity, it is unclear how those limits were developed. The sensitivity…
T Yi, J Norton, S Meldrum, J J Morrell
Evaluation of Decay Resistance of Copper-based Preservatives Treated-Wood exposed to different field test sites in Korea
2022 - IRG/WP 22-20679
In Korea, preservative treated wood is required to have a stamp on the surface which contains information such as wood species, use categories, and the company that treated the wood. Such stamping is necessary to safely and appropriately use the treated wood.…
W-J Hwang, S-M Yoon, Y Park, Y-S Choi, H-M Lee, J-W Kim
Measurement of copper concentration in Cu-HDO treating solutions by handheld XRF
2022 - IRG/WP 22-20685
Copper based preservatives diluted in water dominate the wood preservative industry around the world. Periodically measurements and adjustments of the concentration of treating solutions must be performed as a part of the quality control at the treatment…
P O Flaete
Copper-octanoate - a potential reference preservative replacement for CCA in field test standards?
2022 - IRG/WP 22-20688
…to replace CCA reference preservative with an historical copper octanoate product. There is a huge amount of lab and field test data available for a copper octanoate preservative, “Cuprinol Tryck”, which was in use in the Nordic countries during the 70s and 80s showing that it might work as a substitute for CCA…
R Ringman, M Westin, M Klamer, A Christof, F Friese
Brief introduction to a research project on preparations of various paste formulations from boron, fluoride and copper for supplemental treatments
2022 - IRG/WP 22-30759
…ulexite and some other actives such as fluoride and copper to be used in supplemental treatments in timber structures. In the project, six different paste formulations have been developed. The pastes have been introduced into the holes in Scots pine sapwood specimens conditioned at different moisture content…
E E Soytürk, D Bakır, E Terzi, C Köse, S N Kartal
Copper Naphthenate – A Data and Capability Update
2022 - IRG/WP 22-30771
The efficacy of copper naphthenate against wood decay fungi and wood destroying organisms has been well documented from international field tests as well as decades of commercial service. The use of copper naphthenate has been dramatically expanded due to its proven…
J-W Kim, J D Lloyd
Comparative study of the properties of silicate coatings with different mineral pigments (titanium dioxide, iron (III) oxide, copper (II) oxide) on the surface of wood
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40936
…of mineral pigments titanium dioxide, iron (III) oxide and copper (II) oxide. The coatings were applied on beech wood and cured under ambient conditions. The colour, surface roughness, adhesion strength, and resistance to cold liquids of the cured coatings were determined and reactions to fire of the coatings were…
A M Cheumani Yona, M Petrič
Treatability of South African-grown Eucalyptus grandis with water-borne copper azole and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate wood preservatives
2021 - IRG/WP 21-40920
…the sapwood and heartwood of sawn Eucalyptus grandis with copper-azole (CuAz) and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) water-borne preservatives towards improving its durability for enhanced use in structural solid wood applications. The results obtained showed that, at a moisture content of 12 ± 1%, sawn E.…
A A Alade, Z Naghizadeh, C B Wessels
Accumulation of copper in parenchyma cells in southern pine wood treated with micronized and amine-copper preservatives
2019 - IRG/WP 19-20657
…tomography to examine the micro-distribution of copper in southern pine wood treated with a micronized wood preservative (MCA) and an amine-copper preservative (ACQ). We found that copper in wood treated with MCA was mainly concentrated in fusiform rays (rays containing resin canals), and in vertical…
D Feng, M L Turner, A Limaye, M A Knackstedt, P D Evans
COPPER NAPHTHENATE: A Product for All Seasons: Protecting the Americas’ Infrastructure for Over 100 Years and Potential for Expanded Usage in Europe
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30738
…review of the history and use of the wood preservative Copper Naphthenate, with a focus on use patterns within the USA and opportunities for expansion in Europe and Canada. This paper reviews how copper naphthenate has performed to preserve and protect cellulosic and wooden items essential to critical…
M H Freeman, J A Brient, M Manning
Relative efficacy of various oxine copper formulations against brown-rot fungi
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30741
…the relative resistance of three different oxine copper formulations (oil-borne, water-borne, water-borne with pH-adjustment) as a preservative treatment for wood against brown-rot fungi. Impregnated southern pine sapwood cubes were exposed to R. placenta and G. trabeum cultures in a soil-block test. After…
M Petruch, J Lloyd, A Taylor
Effect ofNano-Copper Oxide on Decay Resistance of Pistachio Twig-Plastic Composite
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30750
…of pistachio twig-plastic composite treated with nano-copper oxide against the white rot fungus Trametes versicoloer and the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana. For this purpose, wood–polypropylene composites (WPCs) containing different loadings of nano-copper oxide, namely 0, 1, 2 and 3 percent (W/W), were…
M R M Farahani,S Pourabdollah
Effect of damage to polyurea coatings on metal losses from ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate treated Douglas-fir pile sections
2019 - IRG/WP 19-40867
…environment. The greatest risk in this regard is copper because many organisms are highly sensitive to this metal. While post treatment practices can reduce migration risk, even these small amounts can be problematic in some applications. Coatings have long been used to prolong the useful life of various…
M J Konkler, J J Morrell
Effect of pretreatment of wood surfaces with a copper monoethanolamine solution on the natural weathering performance of semitransparent stains
2019 - IRG/WP 19-40881
…of semitransparent stains on wood pretreated with a copper monoethanolamine solution (CuA) to improve its photostability. Untreated and pretreated with CuA Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi), Todo fir (Abies sachalinensis), and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) wood panels were finished with semitransparent…
S Isaji, H Shibui, Y Hirabayashi
Untreated and copper-treated wood soaked in sodium oxalate: Effects of decay by copper-tolerant and copper-sensitive fungi
2017 - IRG/WP 17-10888
Copper is widely used as the primary component in wood protectants because it demonstrates a broad range of biocidal properties. However, a key concern with using copper in wood preservative formulations is the possibility for brown-rot basidiomycetes to…
K M Ohno, G T Kirker, A B Bishell, C A Clausen
Controlled deposition of copper nanoparticles using wood inherent architecture as natural template
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40783
…with controlled shapes and sizes. In this study, copper nanoparticles were synthesized with controlled shapes and sizes using poplar wood as the natural inexpensive and renewable templates. The crystal structure and morphologies of the copper nanoparticles were characterized by the X-ray diffraction and…
Youming Dong, Kaili Wang, Yutao Yan, Jianzhang Li, M Hughes, Shifeng Zhang
Borate and Copper Naphthenate Dual Treatment of Bridge Timbers-Borate movement over time
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40795
…borate treated, and then Boulton seasoned and treated with copper naphthenate at a commercial tie treatment plant in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Retention and location of borate within the wood was tested at 3, 14 and 40 weeks after the treatment. It appeared that borate continued to diffuse inside of the tie and would…
J-W Kim, J D Lloyd
Dual Borate and Copper Naphthenate Treatment of Bridge Timbers:- Potential Performance Enhancements and Cost Savings
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40797
…as well as field test data for both creosote and copper naphthenate. These were used to estimate potential future service life. Estimates on life expectancy with added borates were also made from published data on performance.
Cost benefit analysis based on creosote and copper naphthenate costs as well as…
J Lloyd, C Brischke, R Bennett, A Taylor
A Green and Novel Technology for Recovering Copper and Wood from Treated Wood Waste – Part II: Optimization, copper metal recovery, and process design
2017 - IRG/WP 17-50326
The US consumes 70 million pounds of copper and produces 580 million cubic feet treated wood annually. The EPA disallows burning and reusing treated wood waste due to health/environmental concerns. Vast quantities of copper and wood are landfilled. Two safe and low cost extraction systems,…
S Chen, R Patel
Review of Leaching Experiments of CCA-Treated Wood and Wood Treated with Copper-based Alternatives
2017 - IRG/WP 17-50330
…The preservatives compared included CCA and the copper-based alternatives, MCQ, ACQ, and MCA. The tests compared included AWPA E11, SPLP, TCLP, and environmental leaching tests. Among all of the tests evaluated, environmental tests most closely simulate natural environments. Compared to environmental tests…
A Jones, J Marini, H Solo-Gabriele
Uncertainty in life cycle assessment of preservative treated wood – copper and freshwater ecotoxicity
2017 - IRG/WP 17-50331
…uncertainty of CF can have. For freshwater ecotoxicity of copper, the study finds that the site-dependent uncertainty of CF are very important and can dominate the LCA of treated wood.
L G F Tellnes
Dimensional stabilization and decay resistance of wood treated with brown-rotted lignin and copper sulfate
1990 - IRG/WP 3608
…lignin (BRL) as a dimensional stabilization and copper complexing agent for wood treatment. For dimensional stabilization, aqueous solutions of the lignin extract were combined with either copper sulfate, glyoxal or other additives. Anti-shrink efficiency (ASE) values as high as 42% were obtained with wood…
L Jin, D D Nicholas, T Schultz
Release of Copper from Pressure Treated Wood
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20584
Micronized copper based wood preservatives including micronized copper quat (MCQ) and micronized copper azole (MCA) have been introduced commercially to the North American market since 2006 as alternatives to alkaline copper quat (ACQ) or soluble copper azole (CA)…
Jun Zhang, J Horton