Your search resulted in 1746 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Transformation of bamboo: From multiscale fibers to robust and degradable cellulose-based materials for plastic substitution
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41032
…physical and chemical methods, such as surface charge treatment, ion cross-linking, and dense hydrogen bonding networks. The prepared multiscale bamboo cellulose-based materials exhibited excellent properties, with a high specific strength (approximately 271.8 kN·m kg−1), high impact toughness (approximately…
J Hu, Y Zhang, Y He, Z Su, W Lao, S Zhang, Y Yu, W Yu, Y Huang
Durability evaluation of outdoor-exposed CLT treated with various wood presevatives using CT scans
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41035
Methods for wood preservation treatment of large materials such as Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) are limited. It is unclear which wood preservation treatment methods can effectively protect CLT from rot risk. In this study, accelerated rot tests (fungus cellar test) of CLT treated with the…
Y Sakurai, T Shigeyama, Y Sugai
Non-destructive methods for field assessment of wood biodeterioration in hardwood trailer decks exposed to tropical environments
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41039
Apitong (Dipterocarpus spp.), an increasingly rare tropical hardwood from the rainforest in Southeast Asia, has long been used as decking materials for open-bed trailers and trucks across North America. As the natural population of Apitong trees steadily decli…
X Wang, X Xie, G Kirker, C A Senalik
Investigation of Impregnation Factors for Biomass-Based Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41044
…study investigates the impregnation factors affecting the treatment of wood with biomass-based phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins, such as impregnation methods, resin properties, and setting parameters like time and pressure. The goal is to ensure effective resin penetration into the wood cell wall structure, thereby…
Y-C Huang, T-H Lin, P-Y Kuo
Developing a Novel Bio-based PF Resin as Wood Preservative and Explore its Synthesis Route Using RSM Methodology
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41046
Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin treatment has long been recognized as one of the most effective and widely used wood preservation methods, offering exceptional durability, dimensional stability, and resistance against biological degradation. However, traditional PF synthesis relies heavily…
H-C Ye, Y-C Wu, T-H Lin, P-Y Kuo
Durability Enhancement of US Hardwoods for Use in Open Trailer Decks
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41048
…and copper 8-quinolinolate (Cu8), with/without dural treatment of Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate (DOT). The specimens were tested in both the deep tropical rainforest of South America and the subtropical environment of Hawaii, using American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) standard tests, E16, E18, and…
X Xie, X Wang, G Kirker, C A Senalik
Hyperspectral imaging in qualitative and quantitative assessment of biocide treated timber
2025 - IRG/WP 25-50407
…the spectral profiles of different biocides used in timber treatment and different concentrations of copper-ethanolamine based preservatives. We were able to differentiate some biocides, like CCA, CCB, copper-ethanolamine based on the shortrange infrared spectra but were less successful with quaternary ammonium…
J Levanič, E Keržič, B Lesar, M Humar
Leveraging Geospatial Mapping for Timber Circularity in Australia
2025 - IRG/WP 25-50410
…to address environmental challenges associated with timber treatment while fostering a more sustainable and circular approach to timber utilisation in Australia.
T Singh, P Mitchell, M Strandgard, M Harris
Laboratory evaluation of PA1b, an insecticidal protein extracted from pea seeds (Pisum sativum), as bait active ingredient against the subterranean termite Coptotermes gestroi (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) in tropical zones
2024 - IRG/WP 24-11038
…colonies that attack constructions: injection of biocidal treatment solutions on wood, walls and soil, and population control using baits. In application of the current regulations, the first technique can no longer be used in Europe, to limit the pollution of soil and groundwater. Thus, it is important to develop…
J Vuillemin, D Messaoudi, P da Silva
Laboratory and field evaluations of bio-based termiticide containing Arnica extract from Berkem Biosolutions® against native and Formosan subterranean termites
2024 - IRG/WP 24-11049
…from Berkem Biosolutions® had been evaluated both in soil treatment and in wood protection treatment against native and Formosan subterranean termites in Louisiana, US. The wood protection assessment was performed in accordance with the laboratory American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) Standard, AWPA E1-17…
D Messaoudi, J Curole, Q Wu
Barriers of polyglycol/borate treated wood prevent termite attack to untreated wood above them in 10-year field tests
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20709
…that lead to polyglycol borates being used as a standalone treatment to protect against termites in new homes which has now been well proven over the test of time. It is written largely as he left it and with a few additional references, in order to provide this data to a wider scientific audience. Two field test…
K W Ragon, J D Lloyd, T L Amburgey
Benefits of borate dual treatment
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20710
Treatment of railroad ties with borate followed by over-treatment with creosote or copper naphthenate, called dual treatment, has become standard practice for ties being installed in higher decay hazard areas of the U.S. This paper provides an overview of…
S T Smith, J D Lloyd, S McKinney
Why preserved wood is used for infrastructure
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20711
…flexibility, and availability. Preservation by creosote treatment adds great durability to the wood products. Creosote itself is a byproduct of coke and gas production from coal. Creosote-treated wood products have a proven history of performance. Creosote can be reduced to harmless components by combustion or…
S T Smith
Effects of phosphoric acid and diammonium phosphate treatments on the physical and fire-retardant properties of five selected Nigerian wood species
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20713
…Effects of phosphoric acid and diammonium phosphate treatments on the physical and fire-retardant properties of wood species commonly used in buildings were evaluated. The timber species utilized in this study were sourced from the sawmill sector located in Akure, Nigeria, encompassing Brachystegia laurentii,…
J Owoyemi, T O Akinwamide, O M Ibrahim, E A Iyiola
Surface treatment of cross-laminated timber to improve water repellency and UV resistance
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20716
…methods for assessing the effectiveness of CLT surface treatments. These methods will serve as benchmarks for future research.
M Chen, S Uphill, J Hilsenbeck, A Hughes
Potential of heartwood extracts as wood preservatives combined with linseed oil in 8-year above-ground and in-ground field trials
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20719
…most of the samples that were treated with the combination treatment failed and, in either test, these treatments were not as effective as commercially used wood preservatives, such as copper naphthenate (CuN) or disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT). Additionally, solid heartwood P. roxburghii stakes and blocks…
M E Mankowski, G T Kirker, B Hassan
Studies on the treatability of selected pine species and corresponding efficacies of a new non-biocidal treatment
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20721
…generally shows good permeability, favoring impregnation treatment/modification processes. However, differences may occur between sapwoods of different pine species. The main objective of this study was to evaluate sapwood of three different pine species as a material of interest for impregnation treatments and to…
T R da Silva Lins, L Emmerich, H Militz, P H Gonzales de Cademartoni, R J Klizke, M Pereira da Rocha
Phytosanitary heat treatment of wood in a laboratory drying oven and, in a pilot-scale kiln using the house longhorn beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus) larvae as a model
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20722
…material in international trade” requires, for the Heat Treatment method (HT), a heating to a minimum of 56 °C for 30 min throughout the profile of the wood.
The aim of this study was to support wood packaging manufacturers by proposing ways of improving the heat treatments applied to their products.…
B Rubio, C L’Hostis, M Montibus, I Paulmier, C Brunet, L Charron, J-P Gaussorgues, C Guiberteau, V Vlahakis, F-R de Cibon, I Le Bayon
Comparison of copper leaching from alkaline copper quat and copper compound nanosol-based wood preservative treated wood
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20726
…solution was diluted to an appropriate concentration for treatment based on the UC3 retention of ACQ-D treated wood, and 19 × 19 × 19 mm radiata pine sapwood specimens were immersed in the diluted solution and vacuum treated at 760 mmHg for 60 minutes. The treated specimens were air-dried and then the fixation…
Y-S Choi, S-M Yoon, J O Kim, J-G Kang, J-G Park
Preservative properties of boron-treated paulownia wood
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20729
…were used as a sample throughout of this study. In the treatment process, the paulownia wood was dipped in the 1% boric acid/borax solution for 1, 24, 72, 120 and 240 hours to achieve required preservative retention. The boron content expressed as boric acid equivalent percentage (%BAE) was characterized…
T Khadiran, M A M Abdullah, S Lipeh
Exploring bio-based chemicals in the residual stream from the thermal wood modification process
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30799
…process, patented as FirmoLin®, represents an industrial treatment for thermal modification of wood. This involves subjecting solid wood to a pressurized unsaturated steam atmosphere at a moderated temperature (<180 ºC), carefully controlling water activity to facilitate chemical reactions (hydrolysis,…
R Herrera, W Willems, W Pajerski, A Selmanović, A Sandak
Properties of thermal modified wood of Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Pinus sylvestris from Galicia, Spain
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30800
…very interesting data improving considerately with thermal treatment at 212 ºC reaching a durability class 2 very important for using wood products in indoor and outdoor applications as facade, claddings carpentries, furniture, etc., where wood destroying fungi attacks can occur in the wood products, as well as a…
D Lorenzo, J Benito, J Arancon, J Crespo
Preliminary investigation of the durability and performance of 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) treated aspen strandboard
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30804
…decreasing from 29% in untreated controls to 24% in the 5% treatment, 27% in the 10% treatment, and 26% in the 20% treatment. Only the 5% treatment showed a statistically significant decrease in thickness swell at the 95% confidence level compared to unmodified controls. Resistance to fungal decay was increased with…
S Johnson, F Kamke, G Presley
Citric acid and sorbitol treatment: A comparative study of Canadian and Norwegian species
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30806
…and North America modified via a sorbitol and citric acid treatment. White spruce and Norwegian spruce, refractory species, and jack pine and Scots pine, relatively more permeable species, were treated with sorbitol and citric acid. Refractory species showed similar results with a low mass gain and low dimensional…
D Schorr, Erik Larnøy, R Stirling, G Boivin
A novel treatment for increasing UV stabuility of wood based on citric acid and urea
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30811
…leading to colour changes. This study explored a novel treatment method utilising citric acid and urea to enhance the UV stability of wood. The reaction between these compounds forms fluorescent species and insoluble nanoparticles upon thermal treatment. Two treatment approaches, impregnation and surface coating,…
S Jué, A Scharf, C-F Lin, R Moutou Pitti, D Sandberg, D Jones