Your search resulted in 1317 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Analysis of A Wooden Structure Damaged in a Fire – The Wooden Granary at Zaprice, Kamnik
2025 - IRG/WP 25-41049
…the char layer, indicating structural weakening. Moisture content remained elevated (up to 38%) due to water used during firefighting, posing a risk for fungal colonization. The results highlight the need for careful drying, consolidation, and potential replacement of critical elements. This interdisciplinary…
M Humar, B Lesar, L Kopač, A Žagar
Effects of phosphoric acid and diammonium phosphate treatments on the physical and fire-retardant properties of five selected Nigerian wood species
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20713
…physical properties. The wood samples recorded moisture content values of 42.98%, 34.11%, 29.84%, 29.45%, and 22.49% and density values of 536.36 kg/m3, 461.79 kg/m3, 695.76 kg/m3, 807.04 kg/m3, and 737.43 kg/m3 for Pterygota macrocarpa, Terminalia superba, Brachystegia laurentii, Khaya ivorensis, and Celtis…
J Owoyemi, T O Akinwamide, O M Ibrahim, E A Iyiola
EMC as a quality control parameter for thermally modified wood
2024 - IRG/WP 24-20720
…for TMW. In this paper we review literature and present an analysis of the lab and field test performance data used by the NWPC to list TMW. We propose Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) as a valid and reliable metric for TMW quality performance at a threshold value of EMC=6.
Thus, decay resistance of thermally…
P Klaas, J T Lauridsen
Analysis and performance of spruce alternative species and discarded wood for windows production
2024 - IRG/WP 24-50386
Climate change is having a significant impact on European forestry, particularly on the softwood species used for window frames. This study investigates potential replacement tree species for spruce (Picea abies), the predominant material for window frames. We…
B Lesar, J Levanič, M Humar, A Treu
Simulations of microclimates for wood-decaying fungi in the built environment using environmental analysis
2023 - IRG/WP 23-20703
…over nodes of the common building geometry. The moisture content and temperature variations were then calculated point-by-point using simulation outputs, climate data and various models. A supervised machine-learning algorithm using artificial neural networks was used to calculate moisture content to more…
P B van Niekerk, J Niklewski, S H Hosseini, B N Marais, I Frimannslund, T Kringlebotn Thiis, C Brischke
Acetylation of pine wood in Uruguay
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40927
…a laboratory level. Density, weight percent gain and water content of small samples were determined before and after being impregnated by vacuum-pressure with acetic anhydride-acetic acid, and later cured at 120 °C for 1 or 2.5 hours. To determine the chemical reaction between wood and the reactives, Fourier…
C M Ibáñez, L Castillo
Comprehensive protection of timber in seawater
2020 - IRG/WP 20-10970
…show that 20 cm above the water level an average sodium content of approx. 40.000 ppm (or the equivalent of more than 40 kg NaCl/m³) was quantified over the whole pine log cross-section, which is significantly above the derived fungicidal threshold value of 15 kg/m³.
In addition, a brief overview of the results…
E Melcher, J Müller, T Huckfeldt
The anti-weathering mechanism of extractives in thermally modified Scots pine
2019 - IRG/WP 19-40880
Results from the electron spin-resonance spectroscopy (ESR) analysis indicated that thermally modification of wood can inhibit the generation of phenoxyl radicals during UV irradiation and consequently lead to the increase of the color stability of wood. In order to clarify the evolution and role of extractives in…
H Shen, J Cao
Material Resistance and Chemical Composition of Italian Stone Pine (Pinus pinea)
2018 - RG/WP 18-20645
…sorption properties, permeability to water, extractives content and durability against fungi of Pinus pinea sapwood and heartwood were therefore determined in the present research. A SEM analysis was also performed. The Meyer-Veltrup model for material resistance was used to test relevant data. The results showed…
M Humar, M De Angelis, M Romagnoli, V Vek, I Poljanšek, P Oven, N Thaler, B Lesar, D Kržišnik
In-line quality control of the film thickness in industrial coating processes for exterior cladding
2018 - IRG/WP 18-40835
…properties, and 2) provide input data for multivariate analysis and prediction models that will contribute to process and product optimization. The development of this inline quality control system is subject to the ongoing research project KonTre (2017-2019). During the first project year, KonTre’s consortium…
U Hundhausen, M Slabohm
A Conceptual Review of Young People’s Perceptions about Wood
2018 - IRG/WP 18-40836
This article was adapted from the previous study “Young People’s Perceptions about Wood” prepared by Usta (2017), and extended through the development and evaluation of the initial data in terms of the conceptual framework regarding the descriptions of w…
I Usta
Rapid detection of the Alaska yellow cedar, Callitropsis nootkatensis (Cupressaceae) extractives using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20612
…provides a rapid and non-destructive method for analysis of wood composition, including extractives that contribute to wood durability. In this study, extracted and non-extracted wood of the highly durable Alaska yellow cedar was characterized using FT-IR. Extracted wood was then treated with carvacrol, a…
S Lipeh, J J Morrell
Young People’s Perceptions about Wood
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40777
…article is a subjective qualitative research by making content analysis based on the evaluation of the term papers of the higher education students who have taken the elective course “Importance of Wood in Intercultural Interaction” in fall and spring semesters and summer schools in three years period.…
I Usta
Effect of Particle Size on Wax Distribution in Paraffin Wax Emulsion Impregnated Wood
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40779
…impregnated with paraffin wax emulsions of different solid contents and particle sizes, and then the time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) was used to elucidate the influence of particle size on wax distribution and penetration in treated wood. The linear relationship between mass and T2 relaxation peak…
Wang Wang, Jinzhen Cao, Yiheng Huang
Accessibility of hydroxyl groups in anhydride modified wood as measured by deuterium exchange
2017 - IRG/WP 17-40784
…wood remains unclear. Acetylation reduces hydroxyl content by substitution of hydroxyl groups in wood polymers but may also hinder access to unmodified hydroxyls by physical bulking. This work assesses hydroxyl accessibility in Radiata pine (Pinus radiata) samples that were acetylated and propionylated to…
G Beck, S Strohbusch, E Larnøy, H Militz, C Hill
Multivariate modeling of mould growth in relation to extractives in dried Scots pine sapwood
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20629
…the extent of mould coverage of boards and chemical content. The model describes 51% variability in X and 69% in Y with prediction power of 55%. The results indicated that total acetone soluble extractives and sugars like glucose contributed to increased mould growth whereas fatty acids prevent mould growth.
O Karlsson, O Myronycheva, M Sehlstedt-Persson, M Öhman, D Sandberg
Real-Time PCR Assays for the detection of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans and its close relative Serpula himantioides
2016 - IRG/WP 16-10867
…(Schmidt 2009, Jacobs et al. 2011). But, in the analysis of environmental samples, numerous problems arose in recent years. The most important difficulties are the interpretation of equivocal agarose gel findings and additional analysis efforts with small DNA amounts, degraded DNA, or high content of…
K Jacobs, N Rangno
Weather degradation of thin wood samples
2016 - IRG/WP 16-20578
…when predicting new test data. Lignin and holocellulose content were estimated on selected samples separately for early- and latewood using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermogravimetric curves showed a clear trend with the progress of weathering of the samples, for both earlywood and latewood and both…
I Burud, K A Smeland, K Hovde Liland, T K Thiis, J Sandak, A Sandak, L Ross Gobakken
Hygrothermal performance of ventilated wooden cladding
2016 - IRG/WP 16-40733
…material quality, and the surface treatment. A statistical analysis revealed that air temperature, global radiation, and wind velocity were the three main factors that influenced wood moisture content (MC). Wind driven rain (WDR) was only the fourth most important factor. WDR only defines moistening and not drying,…
K Nore, U Hundhausen
Exterior birch plywood: potentiality of the thermo-hydro treatment
2016 - IRG/WP 16-40743
…of the physical properties (equilibrium moisture content, capillary water absorption, antiswelling efficiency) was achieved, but the samples’ fungal resistance conformed only to the durability class 3 according to EN 350-1. The plywood glued from THT veneers with a phenol-formaldehyde (PF) film did not…
B Andersons, I Andersone, A Meija-Feldmane, I Irbe, A Janberga, J Grinins
Improvement of wood properties by impregnation with liquefied spruce bark based resins
2016 - IRG/WP 16-40761
…yields are determined and analyzed regarding FT-IR analysis. 91% yield was obtained for liquefied spruce bark under reflux, but the highest bark to solvent ratio (50%) was obtained for process lead in closed reactor. Reactivity of liquefied bark resins is found to be better than control phenolic-formaldehyde…
X Duret, E Fredon, E Masson, P Gérardin
Contamination of recycled wood from selected recycling companies in Europe
2016 - IRG/WP 16-50322
…mentioned long term monitoring, one for one batch fraction analysis was made as well. For nine different fractions soluble part and lignin content were determine also. Results showed that AI recycled wood (German classification), had low share of non-wooden materials and only few samples exceeds limit values for…
B Lesar, M Humar, G Hora
Durability of treated wood Corymbia torelliana and Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla against subterranean termite
2015 - IRG/WP 15-20563
…in force feeding test. Measured the heartwood and sapwood content, heartwood: sapwood ratio and retention of CCA in wood. The specifications of the test, weight loss, scores attributed the sampless were taken according to ASTM D 3345 (2005). Statistical analysis was performed using t-test for independent samples for…
D Junior Verly Lopes, J Benigno Paes, P N de Medeiros Neto, G dos Santos Bobadilha
Modern Instrumental Methods to Investigate the Mechanism of Biological Decay in Wood Plastic Composites
2014 - IRG/WP 14-40674
…to be observed in various planes of view and for void analysis of the material to be conducted. A significantly higher average percentage volume of voids was detected in the exposed sample compared to its reference unexposed counterpart. CT scans and subsequent void analysis of the experimental soil block…
G Sun, R Ibach, M Gnatowski, J Glaeser, M Leung, J Haight
Compatibility of Acetylated Wood and Wet Concrete
2014 - IRG/WP 14-40673
…used in contact with concrete without the loss of acetyl content, a series of experiments were conducted using both dry and wet samples in contact with concrete. The results show that there is no loss of acetyl when the acetylated samples were kept dry in contact with concrete and also no loss when samples were…
R Rowell, C Lankveld, J Alexander