Your search resulted in 987 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Investigation of the fixation in wood of chromated zinc chloride and copperised chromated zinc chloride preservatives
1976 - IRG/WP 372
A biological method of evaluating the extent to which CZC and CCZC preparations are retained in wood in terms of the potential protection which they afford against destruction by Merulius lacrymans (dry rot) is given. CCZC is recommended for protection of wood…
V N Sozonova, D A Belenkov
Leaching and chemical redistribution of CCA components in refractory heartwood of E. nitens
2024 - IRG/WP 24-41011
Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) is a wood preservative widely used to protect against fungal and insect attack. The fixation mechanism of CCA involves complex chemical reactions, including the reduction of chromium (VI) to chromium (III) and the formation of…
J R Vargas, L Yermán, K C Wood, T Singh
Long-term Performance of Treated Timbers in a Sub-tropical Marine Exposure
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11015
…pine (Accoya) and southern pine samples treated with 6.7% chromated copper arsenate (CCA-Type C) showed little evidence of either external or internal damage. Samples treated with 3.3% CCA, Dreamdex ® polymer impregnated wood and 10%, 20% and 30% phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin treated wood all contained some level…
E L Galore, J Norton, A Zahora
Reducing successful settlement by shipworm larvae on wood that has been modified using furfurylation
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11017
…been used to protect timber, however, treatments like CCA (chromated copper arsenate) and creosote are now restricted by legislation in Europe. In response, alternative methods to reduce marine borer attack have been explored, including chemical wood modifications, like furfurylation. This technique is non-biocidal…
L Martin, I Guarneri, S Lande, M Westin, S Cragg
A simple method for assessing the effects of lyctid beetle attack on longitudinal compressive strength of spotted gum sapwood
2023 - IRG/WP 23-20700
…spotted gum utility poles that are air seasoned prior to chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treatment. While this damage is allowed, there are no reports quantifying the effects of the beetle galleries on pole properties. Full scale testing would require substantial quantities of poles in order to obtain a range of…
M Powell, J J Morrell
Establishing the minimum effective penetration of wood preservatives in the refractory heartwood of E. nitens
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30780
…method to determine the minimum effective level of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) penetration into Eucalyptus nitens heartwood that prevented fungal colonization by the brown rot Fomitopsis ostreiformis. Visual and culturing results indicated that the epoxy barriers failed to prevent fungal colonization on…
J R Vargas, J J Morrell, L Yermán, K C Wood
Through-boring to improve the performance of low durability Eucalyptus species for utility poles: 10-year field test results of pole stubs exposed in Southeast Queensland
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40972
An impending shortage of naturally durable hardwood electricity pole timbers in Australia has encouraged investigation of alternatives containing less durable, untreatable heartwood. Through-boring or drilling holes perpendicular to the long axis before treatm…
J Norton, L P Francis, J J Morrell
Multi-scale Experimental Study on Self-sustained Smouldering of CCA-treated Timber Poles
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40988
While it is accepted that appropriate treatment with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) will extend the design life of wood markedly, there are concerns regarding the effect of treatment on fire performance. Smouldering combustion in CCA-treated timber infrastructure can self-sustain, destroying the timber…
W Wu, L Yerman, J J Morrell, F Wiesner
Longterm Performance of Treated Timbers in Marine Exposures
2020 - IRG/WP 20-10969
…Acetylated wood as well as samples treated with 7.3% chromated copper arsenate (CCA-Type C) exhibited excellent resistance to marine borer attack at both test sites. Samples treated with a lower concentration of CCA experienced some marine borer attack, as did samples treated with 20 and 30% phenol…
M Konkler, A R Zahora, J Norton, J J Morrell
Overview of the treated wood quality control program in the United States with the recent challenges and advances
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20616
…established heavy duty metal oxide based products such as chromated copper arsenate (CCA). The successor generation of wood protection systems usually contain copper as the primary biocide, in combination with carbon-based co-biocides such as quaternary ammonium compounds (Quat), and/or triazoles (Tebuconazole…
L Jin
Properties of Wood Plastic Composites Made of Recycled HDPE and Remediated Wood Flour from CCA/CCB Treated Wood Removed from Service
2016 - IRG/WP 16-40747
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) and copper, chromium and boron (CCB) have been widely used in pressure treated wood as a heavy duty preservative to protect wood against insects and fungi for more than 60 years. Although many attempts have been done to solve…
E D Gezer, S Akbaş, M Tufan, A Temiz
A Case Study of Long-term CCA Preservative Leaching from Treated Hardwood Poles in a Humid Tropical Condition
2016 - IRG/WP 16-50324
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated Malaysian hardwoods have long been used as utility poles, posts, construction piles and motorway fencing in soil contact exposed to the threats of decay fungi and termites. Despite global concerns citing predominantly…
A H H Wong, W S M Chin
Factors Affecting Performance of Preserved Wood Decking Against Decay Fungi
2015 - IRG/WP 15-30663
…by mobile preservatives present in the treated wood. Copper ions from chromated copper arsenate and particulate copper preservatives can protect untreated checks; however, copper-ethanolamine leached from copper-amine systems has lower efficacy against basidiospore germination. DDAC and tebuconazole have…
R Stirling, P I Morris
How to Increase the Lifespan of Exterior Wood Coatings
2015 - IRG/WP 15-40700
…will be given on why coatings that were formulated for chromated copper arsenate treated wood were not as effective when applied on Cu-based or heat-treated wood. Also, how these factors can help to increase the service life of exterior wood coatings will be further discussed.
M Nejad
Environmental Fate of Micronized Copper
2015 - IRG/WP 15-50310
…wood.
Previous studies have assessed the exposure to chromated copper (Cu) arsenate, but there is a lack of information on the use of micronized copper (MC), which contain basic Cu carbonate particles with a size range between 1 nm and 250 μm. Former studies assessed leaching of Cu from MC- treated wood. We…
C Civardi, L Schlagenhauf, J Benz, C Hirsch, J Van den Bulcke, M Schubert, J Van Acker, P Wick,
Practical extraction of metals from CCA-treated wood
2014 - IRG/WP 14-50305
…time and temperature in a microwave reactor on recovery of chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood were evaluated. Extraction of copper, chromium, and arsenic metals from CCA-treated southern pine wood samples with three different wood particle sizes (i.e., (1) 0.5 cm3, (2) 0.5x05x1.0 cm, and (3) 0.5x0.5x1.5 cm)…
Bin Yu, Chung Y Hse, T F Shupe
Inhibition of Basidiospore Germination by Copper from MCQ, ACQ and CCA Leachates
2012 - IRG/WP 12-10778
…decay resistance of refractory wood shell-treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) in above-ground exposures has been attributed to mobile copper that migrates into checks and inhibits the germination of basidiospores. Copper from micronized copper quat (MCQ) has also been shown to migrate into checks…
R Stirling, J Drummond, P I Morris
Performance superiority of CCA-C treated wooden jetty poles and piles used for 30 years in Bangladesh against marine borers
2012 - IRG/WP 12-30582
…with previous investigation and records revealed that chromated copper arsenate type C (CCA-C) impregnated southern pine poles and piles of jetty constructed in most vulnerable brackish water in Bangladesh are stable and resistant to attack of all types of marine borers after 30 years of use. It is evident from…
A K Lahiry
Fixation and leaching characteristics of Malaysian tropical hardwoods treated with CCA-C
2012 - IRG/WP 12-50289
…8 Malaysian tropical hardwood (MTH) species treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA-C) wood preservative were examined. The species evaluated were Acacia (Acacia mangium), Bintangor (Calophyllum sp.), Geronggang (Cratoxylon arborescens), Medang (Litsea sp.), Meranti rambai daun (Shorea acuminata), Putat…
S Salim, S Shahomlail, Z Ashaari, Yong-Seok Choi, Gyu-Hyeok Kim
Molecular investigation of Postia placenta growing in modified wood
2011 - IRG/WP 11-10756
…was used for the following treatments and modifications: chromated copper arsenate CCA (0.67%), furfurylation (WPG 37), thermal modification (D212) and acetylation (WPG 23). Untreated Pinus sylvestris (L.) sapwood was used as control. Samples were taken at different time intervals from 2 to 26 weeks.
The highest…
B Schmöllerl, G Alfredsen, C G Fossdal, M Westin, A Steitz
Ten Year Field Tests of Borate-Treated Wood Against Subterranean Termites
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30557
…lumber treated with disodium octaborate tetrahydrate and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) and local reference materials. In Canada all of the treated material was found to be performing equally well after ten years, with some pieces showing residual signs of early superficial nibbling or cosmetic damage. Attack was…
P I Morris, J K Grace, K Tsunoda
Sensitivity to Copper of Basidiospores from Copper Tolerant Fungi: Fomitopsis palustris and Oligoporus placentus
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10707
Copper continues to be an important fungicide in wood preservation. It is the primary component of the preservatives that have replaced chromated copper arsenate for treated wood in residential construction in North America. However, a co-biocide is normally…
C S Woo, P I Morris
Seasonal shifts of fungal community structure at the interface of treated or untreated wood and soil
2010 - IRG/WP 10-10721
…(longitudinal)) were treated with a formulation of chromium-copper-arsenic-(CCA) at two concentrations. Untreated wood of the same dimensions was used as controls. After drying and an appropriate fixation period, the specimens were buried in soi1 up to half of their length at the BAM test site in North East Germany.…
M Noll, I Stephan
Microwave-Assisted Organic Acids Extraction of Chromate Copper Arsenate (CCA)-Treated Southern Pine
2010 - IRG/WP 10-50267
…recovery of CCA-treated wood were evaluated. Extraction of copper, chromium, and arsenic metals from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated southern pine wood samples with two different organic acids (i.e., acetic acid and oxalic acid) was investigated using a microwave reactor. Oxalic acid was effective in removing…
Bin Yu, Chung Y Hse, T F Shupe
SEM-EDXA of CCA-treated Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-20399
The microdistribution of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) preservative in rubberwood was studied using scanning electron microscope in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM-EDXA). Bulk X-ray analysis showed that there was a high accumulation of chromium, copper, and…
I Jusoh, D P Kamdem