Your search resulted in 271 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
New experiences with Dry Rot in Danish buildings, heat treatment and viability tests
1989 - IRG/WP 1423
…otherwise severely attacked houses will by pulled down. A heat-treatment has been developed and tested in practice. Time will finally prove the efficiency of this method. For quick and easy control of the viability of a fungal attack in wood, a stain method has been developed for light microscopy.
A P Koch, C Kjerulf-Jensen, B Madsen
Lethal temperature for some wood-destroying fungi with respect to eradication by heat treatment
1984 - IRG/WP 1229
The lethal heat dosis as a function of temperature and time of exposure has been tested for mycelium and for wood infested by three strains of Serpula lacrymans and by Coniophora puteana, Poria monticola, Paxillus panuoides, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Gloeophyllum…
M Miric, H Willeitner
Enhanced Flame Retardancy in Wood via In Situ Polymerization of Phosphorus-Containing Ionic Liquids
2025 - IRG/WP 25-20736
…with 30% PIL (IL30W) showed a 74.2% decrease in total heat release (THR) compared to untreated wood (UW). The condensed-phase flame retardant mechanism analysis reveals that PIL-treated wood expands during heating, transitioning into wood foam with a linear expansion growth rate of up to 84%. This…
J Jiang, Y Wu, J Luo, W Qu
Sustainable and environmentally friendly bio-based protection against fire
2025 - IRG/WP 25-20756
…polymeric materials and provides a good barrier against heat and oxygen diffusion, thus reducing the combustion rate of the polymeric materials. Halogenated agents that are used today are toxic and may cause severe health risks. Lignin, due to the high industrial availability, high char yield, aromatic structure…
M Tanase-Opedal, A Larsson, P O Flaete
The Impact of Drying Techniques on the Quality of Thermally Modified Wood
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30813
…Previous research has shown the pronounced effects of the heat treatment phase of the ThermoWood® production process on its properties. Our results further demonstrated that the drying technique utilised before loading the wood into the ThermoWood® kiln can also impact some properties.
M Ghorbanian Far, N Sharifi, A Nikoutadbir, A Tarmian, M Humar
The non-energy utilization of low-quality wood from the invasive species Prunus serotina
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30814
…fungal growth rate. Thermal conductivity and specific heat tests highlighted its potential for thermal insulation panels, offering a sustainable solution in a circular economy context.
W Perdoch, P Kołwzan
Novel treatments of solid wood - studies into the use of imidazole and succinimide
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30817
…and succinimide, respectively. Mass loss due to the heat treatment was highest in imidazole-treated specimens, whereas it remained low and concentration-independent in succinimide-treated specimens. ASE after three cycles reached 31% for imidazole-treated specimens and improved to 38% with the addition of…
D Jones, A Scharf, H Dernegård, J Oja, S Duarte, J Levanić, M Humar
Mineral-wood composites with improved fire properties and durability prepared through MgCO3-based mineralization
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30823
…by more than 50% compared to the native wood. The total heat release in the first 600 seconds of the test (THR600s), the fire growth rate index (FIGRA) and the total smoke production are all significantly lower. Additionally, such mineralisation has positive effect on fungal durability: the mass loss caused by…
A Pondelak, N Knez, S D Škapin, M Humar, A S Škapin
Process Development in Continuous Wood Densification and the Influence of Ionic Liquids on Set-Recovery and Mechanical Properties
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30827
…parameters such as compression ratio (CR), belt speed, and heating temperature systematically varied. The results from the continuous densification process revealed a clear correlation between process parameters and density distribution. Specimens densified at low belt temperatures and high belt speeds exhibited…
D Jones, A Scharf, B Neyses, D Sandberg
Investigating moisture dynamics and fungal decay risk: integrating X-ray CT visualization and simulation benchmarks through a Fungal Control Unit
2024 - IRG/WP 24-11045
…by employing advanced tools like X-ray CT scanning and heat-air-moisture simulations, we can get a better understanding of the risk of wood decay in the building envelope and how it is perceived in state-of-the-art simulation tools used in architecture to study the physics of the building envelope.
In this…
J Van den Bulcke, J Van Acker, M Delbeke, A Blommaert, N Van Den Bossche, M Steeman, L De Ligne
Properties of thermal modified wood of Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Pinus sylvestris from Galicia, Spain
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30800
…Galicia, Spain, thermal treated in the industrial vacuum-heat autoclave plant of FINSA group in Galicia, Spain. These three pine wood species are used in different solid products but due the low natural durability the application in outdoor applications is limited. The properties of durability, dimensional…
D Lorenzo, J Benito, J Arancon, J Crespo
Manufacturing of bamboo hybrids with high strength, superior fire retardancy, and dimensional stability
2024 - IRG/WP 24-30808
…the bamboo hybrid demonstrates a 37.7% reduction in total heat release and a 50.0% decrease in smoke production rate. This study presents an environmentally conscious processing strategy for manipulating and functionalizing bamboo's microstructure, resulting in materials with high strength, superior fire-retardancy,…
W He, Rui Wang, W Li, G Hu, T Singh, Q Fu
Carbon nanotubes and multifunctional silane additive as fillers in PF resin and their effect on the composite flammability
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30783
…phenol formaldehyde adhesive were characterized by Heat Release Rate, Total Heat Release, Limited Oxygen Index ) measurements, and shear strength. It was found that a positive effect of the silane additive Protectosil® 851 and carbon nanotubes NC7000™ on the flammability properties of the plywood. It was…
W L Grzeskowiak, B Mazela, T Prowadzisz
Ultrasound as an alternative treatment in wood protection
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40973
…propagation. In sawmills, wood is currently subjected to heat treatment in accordance with the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15 2019). This standard contemplates three types of treatments applied only to packaging wood material (crates, boxes, packing cases, dunnage, pallets, cable…
L Robertson, S M Santos, S Cobacho Arcos , A Navas, M T Troya
New wood-modification process based on grafted urethane groups: Durability of carbamamylated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40974
…of urea (30%), dried at 40°C for 24h, and subsequently heat-treated at 150°C for 24h. By using accelerated fungal treatment conditions under laboratory conditions, the produced material showed great resistance against selected moulds and rots. Migration of urea into wood and grafting to wood polymers during…
C-F Lin, O Myronycheva, O Karlsson, D Jones, D Sandberg
Failure characteristics of thermally modified poplar wood subjected to mechanical tests
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40983
…with a slight upward trend for samples exposed to a given heating regime for only 30 min. The increases in MOE may be related to changes in cellulose crystallinity. Mass losses increased with increasing temperature exposure while moisture absorption decreased as expected with longer thermal exposure. The degree of…
E Bari, M Ghorbanian Far, N Moradi, J J Morrell, G Daniel, B Mohebby, R Hosseinpourpia, M Humar
Properties of thermal modified wood of Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata from Galicia, Spain
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40985
…Galicia, Spain, thermal treated in the industrial vacuum-heat autoclave plant of FINSA group in Galicia, Spain. These three pine wood species are used in different solid products but due the low natural durability the application in outdoor applications is limited. The properties of durability of thermal modified…
D Lorenzo, J Benito, J Arancón, J Crespo
Multi-scale Experimental Study on Self-sustained Smouldering of CCA-treated Timber Poles
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40988
…the catalytic activity of CCA and showed that the heat released from the oxidation reaction occurred at significantly lower temperatures. Bench-scale tests confirmed that a CCA-treated pole was prone to self-sustained smouldering while a similar untreated pole failed to smoulder. Smouldering propagated to…
W Wu, L Yerman, J J Morrell, F Wiesner
Eradication of beetles attacking wooden historical buildings by humidity-controlled warm-air treatment
2023 - IRG/WP 23-11028
…beetles that are damaging the wood. In this process, a heat-insulating and airtight covering is placed around the object building, and the temperature inside the covering is gradually raised to about 60°C, held for a certain period of time, and then gradually lowered. While maintained at 60°C, all forms of…
Y Fujii, Y Fujiwara, M Harada, H Kitahara, M Shimada, S Kondo, Y Sato, M Shimada, R Kigawa, H Watanabe, Y Komine, S Hidaka, D Ogura
Significance of the thermal design and the sorption isotherm shape in hygroscopic wood moisture dynamics and service life
2022 - IRG/WP 22-20682
…addresses the latest scientific work, showing the role of heat transfer - associated with moisture changes in wood - as a major physical cause for the slow moisture content change rates in a humid ambient. The results from this work may guide the wood technologist to improve the service performance of wood through…
W Willems
Green approach in wood mineralization for improvement of fire properties
2022 - IRG/WP 22-30769
…The increase in time ignition, decrease in the total heat release and the fire growth rate index were observed for mineralized wood. Moreover, reduced weight loss in different pyrolysis process of mineralized wood determined by thermogravimetric analysis indicates improved fire performance of such material.
A Pondelak, R Repič, L Škrlep, N Knez, F Knez, A S Škapin
Effect of densification of Eucalyptus nitens and E. obliqua on moisture uptake, swelling, decay resistance, and fire performance
2022 - IRG/WP 22-40946
…while cone calorimeter tests were used to indicate heat release rates. Thermo-mechanical densification has many positive attributes for improving hardness and modifying colour but did not improve decay resistance or fire performance of the samples, however further testing is advised.
B Hassan, J J Morrell, F Wiesner, W Wu, B Belleville, K C Wood
Development of Wooden Fireproof Structures for Mid- and High-rise Buildings in Japan
2021 - IRG/WP 21-30757
…die out type” using fire-retardant treated wood or heat absorbing material. In this report, we will introduce these wood-based fireproof structures, as well as the fireproof structure of “flame die out type” developed by our research group, and the cases where the wooden fireproof structure has been…
D Kamikawa, M Harada, H Matsunaga, R Takase, N Hattori, Keisuke Ando, M Miyabayashi
Mechanical and biological durability properties against soft-rot and subterranean termite in the field (grave-yard test) of beech wood impregnated with different derivatives of glycerol or polyglycerol and maleic anhydride followed by thermal modification in an opened or in a closed system
2021 - IRG/WP 21-40917
…or 20% w/w concentration, followed with curing under oven heating (OHT) at 120°C, 150°C, or 220°C in opened system or under heat pressurised steam (HPS) at 150°C in closed system. The modified woods were then characterized for their weight percent gain and mass losses after curing process, mechanical properties…
M Mubarok, H Militz, S Dumarcay, I W Darmawan, Y S Hadi, P Gerardin
Development of procedures for sampling, testing, and classification to determine the biological durability of wood and wood products
2020 - IRG/WP 20-20676
…its scope has been extended to processed wood, including heat-treated, preservative-treated and otherwise modified wood as well as wood-based materials. Neither the standard itself nor the indicated test methods allow a durability classification in a comprehensive manner. Aim of the project is to develop applicable…
W Scheiding, K Jacobs, S Bollmus, C Brischke