IRG Documents Database and Compendium



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Design of Field Trials for Evaluation of Antisapstain Products
2003 - IRG/WP 03-20263
Field trialing is an important phase of antisapstain product development and careful planning is required to ensure trial validity for predicting performance in the industrial situation. Experiences of trialing antisapstain products on lumber over a ten-year…
F W Frazer, N R Edmonds, B J Nairn


Sentry®, a new antisapstain formulation for protecting logs and lumber. - Part 2: protection of lumber
1999 - IRG/WP 99-30189
…Challenge Forest Ltd. has resulted in the development of antisapstain formulations that meet the efficacy requirements of the New Zealand Forest industry for export logs. One treatment, called Sentry®, is now poised for commercial use in New Zealand for treating export logs, having undergone an extensive suite of…
R N Wakeling, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, J G Van der Waals, B Carpenter, I Dorset, R Kuluz, J Wakeman


Sentry®), a new antisapstain formulation for protecting logs and lumber. - Part 1: advances in protection of New Zealand radiata pine logs
1999 - IRG/WP 99-30188
Until recently antisapstain formulations gave approximately 10 weeks protection to radiata pine logs and even within this time frame protection was often not consistent. Industry requires 20 weeks protection. The degree of protection sought by industry is in the order of…
R N Wakeling, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, J G Van der Waals, B Carpenter, I Dorset, R Kuluz, J Wakeman, T Price, B Nairn


Variable tolerance of Ophiostoma spp. and Diplodia pinea to commercial antisapstain products
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10266
…tolerance amongst new isolates with those used in routine antisapstain screening trials at Forest Research. A rapid antisapstain laboratory disc trial was used to determine the extent of fungal growth after three weeks on radiata pine treated with various commercial antisapstain formulations, which was then used as…
D R Eden, C M Chittenden, B Kreber, J G Van der Waals, R N Wakeling, R L Farrell, T Harrington


Field performance of novel antisapstain formulations
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30125
The effectiveness as antisapstain formulations of combinations of oxine copper (Cu-8), carbendazim, hexaconazole, cyproconazole, flusilazole, didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), an alkanolamine borate (SB), benzalkonium chloride (BAC), 2-n-octylisothiazolin -3-one…
D R Eden, R N Wakeling, C M Chittenden, J G Van der Waals


Laboratory and field trials of novel antisapstain formulations
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30146
This document covers the results of laboratory and field trials of combinations of fungicides formulated using a patented technology (PCT NZ 96/00143). A 3 week laboratory trial that uses radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) branch discs as a substrate was used to determine which combinations possessed a…
R N Wakeling, P N Maynard, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, B Carpenter


Antisapstain field trials of NeXgen in New Zealand
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30145
This document covers the results of summer and winter log trials of NeXgen, an antisapstain formulation containing methylene bis thiocyanate plus chlorothalonil. Log billets (20 - 25cm diameter) were stripped of bark using a commercial maul debarker and antisapstain treated within 8 hours of felling by dip…
R N Wakeling, T L Woods, D R Eden, C M Chittenden, B Carpenter


Development and field trials of Evotek 230, a new antisapstain product
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30140
…by tank mixing the anti-sapstain product with borax. Field trials in Europe, S. America and S.E. Asia have confirmed the anti-sapstain efficacy of Evotek 230, a suspoemulsion containing 100 g/l prochloraz and 130 g/l carbendazim, at rates as low as 0.5%.
A Adams, J Oudenweyer, J L Lindars


Fungus cellar and antisapstain field trial studies of six triazole fungicides
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30077
…was compared using a fungus cellar soil bed test, a rapid antisapstain laboratory trial and a 36 week antisapstain field trial. After 21 months in the fungus cellar the mean soundness of radiata pine treated with 1.5 kg/m³ of cyproconazole, azaconazole, hexaconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole in…
R N Wakeling, J G Van der Waals, R D Narayan, J B Foster, B E Patterson, P N Maynard


Surface retentions of PCP, TCMTB and MTC obtained during a field trial of antisapstain formulations
1993 - IRG/WP 93-20002
…and MTC were included as reference products in a recent field trial of antisapstain formulations in Queensland. Retentions of these actives on the surface of treated sawn Pinus elliottii were monitored by ultrasonic solvent extraction of excised samples and analytical determination by high performance liquid…
D E Ferlazzo, M D Needham, M J Kennedy


A study of the efficacy of antisapstain formulations containing triazole fungicides
1993 - IRG/WP 93-30021
This document gives efficacy data for antisapstain formulations based on triazole fungicides. A rapid (3 week) laboratory screening method was used to determine the efficacy of six triazole fugicides alone and in combination with other fungicides. Field trials were carried out of three promising…
R N Wakeling, N P N Maynard, R D Narayan


In search of alternative antisapstain chemicals for use in Papua New Guinea
1988 - IRG/WP 3472
The paper presents results of antisapstain field trials from three locations in Papua New Guinea as part of the Research Centre's programme to find suitable antisapstains to replace the hazardous sodium pentachlorophenate. Effectiveness of seven tested chemicals varied between…
A Oteng-Amoako


Xylophene AS™, the challenge of developing a modern antisapstain formulation for the french market
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30250
…R & D resources into the development of a modern antisapstain formulation that met the efficacy requirements of the French industry, which had a favourable toxicological and environmental profile and could obtain a food-contact allowance without restrictions. A close collaboration with active ingredients…
E Wozniak, L Cubizolles, N Delourme Fonseca, A R Valcke, J Gors


Time limits for holding logs to achieve successful antisapstain treatment
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30126
The purpose of these trials was to determine the maximum time that logs can be left in winter and summer before treatment if sapstain, caused by pre-treatment infection, was to be prevented. Pre-treatment storage conditions representative of average temperature and humidity for…
D R Eden, R N Wakeling, C M Chittenden, J G Van der Waals, B Carpenter


Susceptibility of antisapstain fungicides to rain wash-off
1994 - IRG/WP 94-30046
Results of trials using miniature timber packets and simulated rain wash-off are described. Six fungicidal actives in five commercial antisapstain formulations were involved, and a clear influence of rainfall timing after antisapstain treatment was demonstrated.…
R N Wakeling, D J Cross, D R Eden, P N Maynard


Field evaluation of alternative antisapstain chemicals
1982 - IRG/WP 3198
Seven alternative antisapstain formulations containing four different active ingredients were field tested during the summer and fall of 1981. The test was designed to evaluate the potential long term effectiveness of PQ-8 (Chapman Chemical Co.) containing copper-8-quinolinolat…
D V Plackett


A field trial to assess the potential of antisapstain chemicals for long-term protection of sawn radiata pine
1986 - IRG/WP 3375
Seven chemical formulations were tested as antisapstain treatments for freshly sawn radiata pine sapwood (90x50 mm²). Each formulation was used with and without a water-repellent additive and was sprayed on to 1 m long boards. The boards were then stacked into "mini" packets and stored unprotected…
J A Drysdale


Effectiveness of a newly registered antisapstain preservative in preventing stain of Eucalypt timber in Australia
2000 - IRG/WP 00-30229
An antisapstain trial was conducted on two sites (Alexandra and Trentham) in order to establish the concentration of a newly registered antisapstain preservative (consisting of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) & 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate (IPBC) &…
J Snow, P R S Cobham, N Ryan


Relationship between stacking, location and antisapstain preservatives on visible degrade of Eucalyptus regnans and Pinus radiata boards
1999 - IRG/WP 99-20162
An antisapstain trial was established at a Eucalyptus hardwood sawmill in Victoria, Australia. The trial incorporated two commercial formulations of antisapstain preservatives, used at four different concentrations on both hardwood (Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell)…
J Snow, P Vinden, S M Read


Assessing the leachability of chlorothalonil and methylene bis thiocyanate from antisapstain treated radiata pine
1998 - IRG/WP 98-30176
Rain wash-off and leaching of antisapstain fungicides from wood may cause pollution of waterways and may also lead to a decrease in the efficacy of a formulation against fungal degrade as chemicals deplete from the timber surface. In the current study, the leachability of chlorothalonil…
B Kreber, T L Woods


Selective adsorption of antisapstain actives from two aqueous suspensions, and movement of actives into wood
1996 - IRG/WP 96-30103
…pine) boards were dipped in aqueous suspensions of two antisapstain formulations, NeXgenâ and Busanâ Sap Stain Preventative (Busan 1009), at three product concentration levels. Concentrations of active ingredients (NeXgen: CTL (chloro-thalonil) and MTC (methylene bisthiocyanate); Busan 1009: TCMTB…
M J Kennedy, T L Woods


A shower test protocol for measuring antisapstain wash-off from small individual log billets
1996 - IRG/WP 96-50069
According to New Zealand Timber Industry Federation statistics New Zealand exported 4,835,000 m³ of logs in 1994 and it is estimated that c. 20% were anti-sapstain treated. Loss of preservative from logs as a result of rain impact after application is of cons…
A J Pendlebury, H Pearson


Effects of timber surface properties and dipping conditions on uptake of antisapstain actives from two aqueous suspensions, and ultimate effects on efficacy against mould and staining organisms
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30073
…pine) boards were dipped in aqueous suspensions of two antisapstain formulations, and the resultant surface retentions of active ingredients MTC (methylene bisthiocyanate), CTL (chlorothalonil) or TCMTB (2(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole) were monitored by chemical analysis. Surface retentions increased with…
M J Kennedy, T L Woods


Generic code of good practices for wood protection facilities. Part 1: Wood protection (antisapstain) facilities
1993 - IRG/WP 93-50003
…of high toxicity (aquatic and human) of wood protection (antisapstain) chemicals dictates the need to protect the environment and humans from its harmful effects. This document is a compendium of recommendations for the design and operating practices of wood protection facilities. The suggested recommendations…
G Das, V N P Mathur


Laboratory evaluation of potential antisapstain treatments for Pinus radiata
1983 - IRG/WP 3237
…and Woodguard E.C. (0.5% product) have potential as antisapstain treatments. Kilstain, XP-3359, Celbrite-M81 and Acticide THP were ineffective at the concentrations tested. Formulations containing methylene bisthiocyanate were susceptible to the mould Trichoderma viride.
J A Drysdale