Your search resulted in 142 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Durability of some alternatives to preservative-treated wood. Progress report 2: Results from field tests after 5 years’exposure
2007 - IRG/WP 07-30442
A number of alternatives to preservative-treated wood have been tested according to EN 252 (stake test) and a specially designed ground-proximity field test, the latter in Sweden as well as in Hawaii, USA. Seven untreated wood species and four alternative wood treatments labelled as environmentally friendly (acetylation, linseed oil, heat treatment, vinyl polymer) were included in the study. Four ...
M-L Edlund, J Jermer
Effect of cinnamon oil and clove oil against major fungi identified from surface of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis)
2007 - IRG/WP 07-30446
Antifungal activities of cinnamon oil and clove oil at ratio 1:1 and pure against major fungi found on surface of rubberwood (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Penicillium sp.) were investigated using the broth dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the combined cinnamon and clove oils for these test moulds was determined to be 80 µL/mL which were less than o...
Narumol Matan, Nirundorn Matan
Development of boron/linseed oil combined treatment as a low-toxic wood protection. Evaluation of boron fixation and resistance to termites according to Japanese and European standards
2007 - IRG/WP 07-30448
Combinations of boric acid as a first step of treatment and linseed oil as a second step have been performed in order to enhance boron retention to leaching and wood resistance to termites. Classic leaching and termites resistance standards are inappropriate to evaluate this combination which can be considered as both a wood core preservation treatment and a coating.
Japanese Industrial Standard...
F Lyon, M-F Thevenon, Y Imamura, J Gril, A Pizzi
Performance of softwood preservative treated stakes after 4 years exposure in-ground to decay fungi and termites in tropical Australia
2008 - IRG/WP 08-10643
This field study was based on the 1993 IUFRO method and designed as a graveyard (in-ground) test in the tropical region of the Northern Territory to examine the efficacy of novel preservative formulations developed as alternative protection for softwood timber against decay fungi and termites for Hazard Class 3 and 4. This study was supported by the Forest and Wood Products
Research and Develop...
B M Ahmed (Shiday), J R J French, S R Przewloka, P Vinden, J A Hann, P Blackwell
Hydrophobic characteristics of pyrolysis oil
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30458
Hydrophobic behavior of pyrolysis oils obtained by pyrolysis of Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) by using extruder type pyrolyzer at 450, 550 and 600 ºC was the objective of the study. Sapwood specimens (15×25×50 mm along the grain) were impregnated with the obtained pyrolysis oils by full- and empty cell treatment.
The results indicated that wood impregnated with the studied pyrolysis o...
A Temiz, M Hakki Alma, N Terziev
Antifungal activity of essential oils against common wood degrading/decaying fungi
2008 - IRG/WP 08-30465
Despite the wide use of essential oils in pharmaceutical and food industry as antimicrobial agents, their use as wood preservatives has not been fully explored. In this study, 12 essential oils were screened in nutrient medium for their antifungal activity against 8 common mould, sapstain or decay fungi. Subsequently, one essential oil, eugenol was evaluated for decay resistance in an agar/wood ...
T Singh, C Chittenden
Surface Characteristics of Southern pine treated with Eastern red cedar oil
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40393
Treatment of wood with various chemicals play an important role on their surface characteristics including as roughness and hardness for further processing such as finishing and machining. The objective of this study is to evaluate surface roughness of Southern pine (Pinus taeda L.) treated
with oil extracted from eastern redcedar (Juniperus viginiana L.). Both tangential and radial surfaces of...
S Hiziroglu
Thermal treatment of Nigerian-grown Albizzia zygia and Funtumia elastica wood in soy oil medium.
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40413
Thermal treatment in soy oil medium is one of the techniques used as a substitute to the chemical treatment in wood preservation. However, the effects of this technique vary from one species to another and hence the need to investigate the response of individual species to it. Thermal treatment of air-dried Nigerian-grown Albizzia zygia and Funtumia elastica wood was carried out in a vessel contai...
L Awoyemi
Bi-oleothermal treatment of wood at atmospheric pressure: resistance to fungi and insects, resistance to weathering and reaction to fire results
2008 - IRG/WP 08-40418
Bi-oleothermal process is a simple treatment which has been developped by CIRAD in cooperation with FCBA. It allows a deep impregnation of wood with hydrophobic products using cheap facilities. The process includes two steps at atmospheric pressure. The first one is a dipping of wood samples in a hot oil bath (between 110 °C and 200°C) which creates an overpressure inside the wood. The second on...
L Podgorski, I Le Bayon, I Paulmier, J-D Lanvin, V Georges, D Grenier, H Baillères, J-M Méot
Potential synergy between natural product extracts for limiting fungal decay
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30495
Natural products often exhibit tremendous potential for inhibiting various microorganisms when they are tested in petri dish tests, but perform poorly when tested in vivo. The failures can often be attributed to a lack of broad spectrum activity against the range of organisms present in a natural environment. One method for overcoming this challenge is to use extracts from a number of sources with...
M Maoz, C Freitag, J J Morrell
Laboratory study on the termiticidal efficacy of Eremophilone oil
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30497
A novel timber preservative formulation, Termilone® TT, is being developed by BioProspect Limited. This environmentally friendly preservative formulation incorporates Eremophilone oil, extracted from Eremophila mitchellii, as the active ingredient. Chemical analysis performed on Pinus radiata sapwood specimens treated with the Termilone® TT formulation revealed that the Eremophilone oil is relat...
D K Scown, J W Creffield, R Spooner-Hart
Potential of antifungal and antitermitic activity of several essential oils
2009 - IRG/WP 09-30515
In the recent years, there has been an increasing concern regarding the safety of wood preservatives. Many research groups have examined the potential of essential oils as biocide based on their biological activity. This paper described the antitermitic and antifungal activity of twenty four essential oils from different plant species. The termicidal activity was carried out with a no-choice test...
N Amusant, M-F Thévenon, N Leménager, E Wozniak
Differential response of wood to dry air thermal treatment (DATT) and soy oil thermal treatment (SOTT)
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40446
Thermal treatment is an alternative to chemical modification method which has been used to some extent in improving timber quality. In order to get the maximum benefits possible without compromising the various end-use quality requirements of timber, several possibilities have been and are still being investigated in relation to this technique. Clear wood samples (19 x 19 x 150mm) of kiln-dried re...
L Awoyemi
The resistance of thermo-oil modified wood against decay and mould fungi
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40448
Thermally modified wood in comparison to natural wood demonstrates some advantageous functional properties like decreased hygroscopicity, higher dimensional stability. It also has increased durability and improved resistance to fungal decay. However thermal modification of wood may lead to reduced strength properties what may limit the use of wood in mechanically beared constructions. The changes ...
A Fojutowski, A Kropacz, A Noskowiak
Wettability and bonding strength of wood thermally-treated with different combinations of soy oil and chemical additives
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40454
Thermal treatment is a method which has gained wider acceptability as an alternative to the chemical treatment in wood preservation. In order to maximize the benefits of this technique several options have been adopted including the use of soy oil in transferring the heat to the wood. Available information on thermal treatment in general and the oil method in particular show that there are still n...
L Awoyemi, P A Cooper, T Ung
Barefoot-heat-impact of oil-heat-treated wood: An important thermal property of decking boards
2009 - IRG/WP 09-40458
In this study the phenomenon of sensual heat impression was examined, when walking with bare feet on sun exposed wood based decking boards. A suitable method for measuring the heat flux from decking boards into an artificial foot was developed. The method and measuring device is described as well as results from measuring three different decking board materials: Oil-heat-treated spruce (OHT), untr...
A O Rapp, C R Welzbacher, C Brischke
Biological performance of wood treated with tar-oil recovered during slow pyrolysis of macadamia nut shells
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30523
This study evaluated decay and termite resistance of wood treated with tar oil obtained from a commercial pyrolysis process of macadamia nut shells. Vacuum-treated pine wood specimens were subjected to various brown and white rot fungi based on the soil-block test method specified by the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) after leaching process. Treated specimens were also subjected to th...
S Nami Kartal, E Terzi, C Kose, J Hofmeyr, Y Imamura
Treatment of Scots pine wood with oil in water and water in oil emulsion systems: Effects on boron leaching and water absorption
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30535
The aim of this study was to investigate the water absorption and water repellent efficiency of oils and oil water emulsions [oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O)] and possibilities of reducing the amount of boron leaching from treated wood. Scots pine wood samples treated with waste or sunflower oil and water formulations contained 3%BA. The level of water absorption and water repellent effi...
E D Tomak, Ü C Yildiz, A Can
Using plant oils as hydrophobic substances for wood protection
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30550
The increased interest to use oils as hydrophobic agents and the current debate about the further use of creosote emphasises the urgent need of better understanding of plant and other oils as wood protectors. The present study sheds light on the hydrophobic properties and distribution of various plant oils in the anatomical structure of Scots pine sapwood. Oil retentions from approximately 70 to 5...
D Panov, N Terziev, G Daniel
An investigation on some physical properties of oil heat treated poplar wood
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40509
In this study some physical properties of small samples (20×20×20 cm) of poplar wood
(Populus nigra var.pyramidalis) after oil heat treatment with linseed oil was investigated. Two time levels (4.5 & 6 hours) and three temperature stages (180,200 & 220°C) were selected. The results of this study showed significant differences in effects of treatment temperature on physical properties of wood....
B Bazyar, D Parsapajouh, H Khademiesalam
Durability of heat treated Malaysian bamboo Gigantochloa scortechinii strips
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40514
Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants and can be used for various products. In tropical countries such as Malaysia bamboo is abundantly available at reasonable prices, therefore it is used for numerous purposes. However, bamboo (as a lignocellulosic material) is susceptible to fungal and insect attack and it is difficult to protect by preservative treatment. Heat treatment is an option to im...
N Kamarudin, K Sugiyanto
Combined Effect of Boric Acid and Waste Oil Treatment on Boron Leaching
2010 - IRG/WP 10-50268
In this study it was aimed to investigate the boron leaching amounts in Scots pine wood samples treated with boric acid (BA) and waste oil (WO) alone or by dual treatment. The level of water absorption and water repellent efficiency were determined with cyclical wetting tests, total of 336 hours. Wood samples that have both covered and uncovered transversal section were impregnated with 3% boric a...
Ü C Yildiz, E Dizman
Chapter 15 - Glossary of essential terms
2007 - IRG/WP 07-10635-15
The object of this glossary is to make available to the persons, students and
others interested in treated bamboo and also in the Science and Technology of
Bamboo, a standard set of definitions (defined by AWPA 1996, USDA 1987,
Mullins and McKnight 1981, different literatures cited herein and by the
Author) of those terms used commonly in the bamboo preserving industry/forest
products industr...
A K Lahiry
The potential of propolis and other naturally occurring products for preventing biological decay
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30575
The potential of using a range of naturally occurring plant extracts and propolis from bee hives for enhancing the durability of timber in service as well as helping with the conservation of archaeological timbers is considered in this paper. Results reported demonstrate that there is some degree of protective effect noted, suggesting a viable treatment option might be developed based on a deeper ...
D Jones, N Howard, E Suttie
Characterizing long term leaching behaviour of copper from preservative treated wood in a practical exposure scenario
2011 - IRG/WP 11-50278
To investigate the prediction of the long term emission of copper from preservative treated wood in a Use Class Class 3 scenario, treated boards were exposed vertically above ground to natural weather conditions. The study included two products; an amine copper ACQ-type formulation, air-dried after treatment to a 22 kg/m3 retention, and the same formulation which was hot oil vacuum dried after tre...
T Mark Venås, M Klamer