Your search resulted in 140 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Measurement of electrokinetic potential to evaluate adsorption of quaternary ammonium salt
1991 - IRG/WP 3672
…measurement of z-potential of wood treated with quaternary ammonium salt type preservatives can be a useful method to determine the adsorptives phenomena of preservatives and by which there is a remarkable differences in the adsorbed condition with the components of preservatives concentration of treating solution,…
Yeong Suk Kim
Movement of water through quaternary ammonium treated wood
1987 - IRG/WP 3440
…were treated with didodecyl methyl 1, 3 dichloropropenyl ammonium chloride and distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Various ratios of these two chemicals were, tested to determine the extent of water movement through the treated wood. Measurements were taken of the amount of water moved through the wood, degree of…
P J Hayward, J Duff
The effect of temperature on the rate of fixation of an alkyl ammonium compound (AAC) wood preservative
1984 - IRG/WP 3293
The rate of fixation of an alkyl ammonium compound wood preservative was measured by soaking samples of wood wool in various preparations of the preservative for arbitrary times followed by immediate leaching in water. The wood wool was then analysed for residual preservative. The results…
P Vinden
Evaluation of an alkyl ammonium compound as a fungicide to control sapstain and mould during diffusion storage
1984 - IRG/WP 3282
An alkyl ammonium compound ('Akzo' ES 255) was evaluated for its effectiveness against mould and sapstain during diffusion storage of boron-treated rubber wood. Though ES 255 at 1.0% concentration was effective against mould (71%) and sapstain (89%)…
R Gnanaharan
Remedial treatment of joinery. Comparison of distribution of organic solvent preservative and ammonium bifluoride
1978 - IRG/WP 3115
…of treatment, we have investigated the possible use of ammonium bifluoride, since diffusion of gaseous hydrogen fluoride may be expected to penetrate more extensively into wet timber than organic solvent preservative. The work described below was carried out in order to assess the comparative penetration of…
J M Taylor
Tests with ammoniacal copper and alkyl ammonium compounds as wood preservatives
1984 - IRG/WP 3299
Formulations based on copper and alkyl ammonium compounds in ammonia solution have been tested in a fungus cellar on Pinus radiata and Fagus sylvatica. This type of products gives promising results as wood preservatives, especially on hardwood and are safe to destroy by e.g. combustion. The best…
C-E Sundman
Leachability of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (a quaternary ammonium compound) from four wood species
1982 - IRG/WP 3204
…hemlock and amabilis fir) were treated with didecyldimethylammonium chloride, (an alkylammonium compound, AAC). After oven drying the blocks were vacuum impregnated with distilled water and subjected to a static leach cycle for 48 hours. The leachate was analyzed and the amount of AAC which leached from each wood…
J N R Ruddick, A R H Sam
Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride: toxicity to Coniophora puteana when formulated in water and organic solvent
1986 - IRG/WP 2250
…that the biological activity of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is affected by the nature of the carrier solvent in which it is applied. In contrast to some earlier work, an alkyl ammonium compound in organic solvent formulation was identified that had significantly greater activity than its aqueous…
D P Blow
Synthesis of novelty borate compounds for wood preservatives: Laboratory test of leachability and decay resistance
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30520
A novel series of ammonium tetraphenylborate (ATB) and borate chemical compounds (BBC) were synthesized as wood preservatives. The leaching rates and decay resistance of boron formulations containing ATB and BBC were conducted. The laboratory leaching results showed that boron…
Zhiqiang Li, Mingliang Jiang, Xingxia Ma
The impact of common fire retardancy salts and minerals on further properties of wood
2025 - IRG/WP 25-30821
…with strong fixation. Phosphate-based salts like diammonium hydrogen phosphate show high fire protection potential but are highly leachable due to their good water solubility. As a newer trend mineralisation using slightly water soluble minerals such as calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, magnesium phosphate,…
T Franke, T Volkmer
Hyperspectral imaging in qualitative and quantitative assessment of biocide treated timber
2025 - IRG/WP 25-50407
…infrared spectra but were less successful with quaternary ammonium compound-based biocides, but all samples were significantly different from the untreated timber controls. Additionally, we were able to observe a linear relationship between the shortwave infrared spectra in the partial least squares analysis.…
J Levanič, E Keržič, B Lesar, M Humar
Long-term field performance of a carbon-based preservative in ground contact test conditions
2023 - IRG/WP 23-30781
…preservative formulation containing quaternary ammonium compounds and tebuconazole as a treatment for three softwood species exposed in ground contact at two sites in Canada. The treatment was associated with improved decay resistance and greater durability than the naturally durable reference species,…
C Wilson, J Zhang, R Stirling
Investigating the fire properties of a composite material made of MDF-residues, citric acid and sorbitol
2023 - IRG/WP 23-40969
…samples were treated with fire retardants (FR). An ammonium phosphate-based fire retardant (AP) and expandable graphite (EG) were used. Additionally, a board variant of the composite was produced and tested for its fire properties. The samples were tested with a mass loss calorimeter. Both FR treatments…
P T Lewandowski, W Perdoch, E Larnoy, H Militz
Properties of Iron (II) Sulphate treated Norway Spruce
2022 - IRG/WP 22-30765
…we investigated the influence of boric acid and quarterly ammonium in combination with a solution based on an iron (II)sulphate-based solution. We treated spruce samples with different concentrations of iron(II)sulphate and biocides. After treatment, decay and water performance tests were conducted. From the test…
B Lesar, M Humar, M Škamlec
Preservative Treatment of CLT: An Example at Shimojishima Airport
2019 - IRG/WP 19-30748
…a number of good active ingredients including quaternary ammonium compounds, carbamates, chlorothalonil, azoles and isothiazolinones. An example of such a treatment includes the Arch/Lonza Frame Guard system commercialized in the USA (Lloyd, 2015). Using topical treatments also has the added advantage of being…
J Lloyd, N Yamashita, A Taylor
The Study of the Preparation of Overlaid MDF with the Flame Retardant Impregnated Paper
2018 - IRG/WP 18-40848
…was adjusted by the ratio of F/(M+U) and the addition of ammonium polyphosphate. 3) The surface bond strength of the FRIP met the standard requirements, which was influenced by the pressing conditions. 4) The flame retardant was concentrated on the surface of wood materials with the FRIP. The efficiency of the…
W Qu, M Wu, Y-Z Wu
Overview of the treated wood quality control program in the United States with the recent challenges and advances
2017 - IRG/WP 17-20616
…with carbon-based co-biocides such as quaternary ammonium compounds (Quat), and/or triazoles (Tebuconazole and/or Propiconazole). The most recent developments have given rise to even more complicated combinations including multiple carbon-based biocides formulated in the form of emulsions or dispersions…
L Jin
A Green and Novel Technology for Recovering Copper and Wood from Treated Wood Waste – Part II: Optimization, copper metal recovery, and process design
2017 - IRG/WP 17-50326
…Two safe and low cost extraction systems, citric acid and ammonium citrate, were identified in Part I of this study. In Part II of the study, effects of extraction conditions such as time, temperature, and equilibrium copper concentration were determined. More than 95% of copper was removed either at ambient…
S Chen, R Patel
Above ground field testing: results of experiments in Brazil after one year
2015 - IRG/WP 15-30660
After the development of new products they need to be field-tested to assess their efficacy under diverse conditions of climate, comparing them with a preservative with proven efficacy. In some testing sites, decay occurs very slowly. The solution would be to…
M F Natale, J M Vidal
A Green and Novel Technology for Recovering Copper and Wood from Treated Waste - Part I
2015 - IRG/WP 15-50309
…highest efficiency by recovering 100% copper followed by ammonium citrate and ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate solutions. Formation of copper complexes with the ligands such as citrate and ammonium ions attributed to the key chemical mechanisms for efficient copper removal. The changes of extraction solution color…
S Chen
Reducing Extractives Stain in Western Red Cedar Sidewall Shingles
2014 - IRG/WP 14-30654
…Dip and pressure treatments with a mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds and alkyl amine oxides were investigated for their ability to prevent this stain. After nine months of exposure in Vancouver, extractives stain was present on nearly all untreated shingles, but was greatly reduced in incidence and intensity…
R Stirling
Thermal durability and biodegradation of tannin lignin adhesives
2014 - IRG/WP 14-40657
…either glyoxalated sodium lignosulfonates or glyoxalated ammonium lignosulfonates. The ratios of mimosa tannins and sodium lignosulfonates varied from 20% tannins to 60% tannins. The thermal durability of the adhesives were analysed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and…
L Chupin, B Charrier, A Pizzi, F Charrier
The assessment of biological and mechanical properties of wood treated with ionic liquids – N,N-dimethylamine and 1-decylimidazole derivatives
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40582
…of the effectiveness of action of new imidazolium and bis-ammonium ionic liquids against Basidiomycotina and Ascomycotina wood-destroying fungi. All the investigated ionic liquids showed high fungicidal action against Coniophora puteana. In order to characterize the influence of ionic liquids on mechanical wood…
W Przybylska
Fire performance of the wood treated with retardant
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40591
…treated with inorganic chemicals, such as sodium silicate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium boric acid. Different combination and concentration of those chemicals were injected by pressure treatment methods. The electron-beam treatment was used to increase the chemical penetration into the wood. The fire performance…
Jong In Kim, Mi-ran kang, Sang bum Park, Dong won Son
Triazole – based ionic liquids to protect of lignocellulosic materials against fungi
2012 - IRG/WP 12-30601
…fungi were contained also the didecyldimethylammonium 3-aminotriazolate as well as didecyldime-thylammonium nitrate(V) with tebuconazole or with (tebuconazole + propiconazole). In order to confirm the structure of the new ionic liquids analyses using thin layer chromatography and proton and carbon…
J Zabielska-Matejuk, J Pernak, I Frąckowiak, A Stangierska, W Przybylska, M Kot