Your search resulted in 263 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Siderophore production by Trichoderma spp. and its importance in the biological control of wood decay fungi
1994 - IRG/WP 94-10070
Competition for iron as well as other micro-nutrients is an essential component of the microbial ecology of many ecosystems. A wide range of micro-organisms including fungi and bacteria have been shown to increase their ability to efficiently capture iron through the production of specialised iron chelating compounds called siderophores. Since iron is in low supply in wood and has been implicated ...
U Srinivasan, A Bruce, T L Highley
Biological control of decay
1975 - IRG/WP 135
One approach to the biological control of decay in standing poles, live trees or seedlings is with microbial immunising commensals or IC.·These are microorganisms able to grow in the wood without damaging it and as a result of such growth to protect against certain types of decay. Scytalidium and Trichoderma spp have been tested in the field. The latter species have shown an establishment rate in...
J Ricard
Effect of Volatiles from Trichoderma species on the regulation of protein synthesis in Serpula lacrymans isolates
2002 - IRG/WP 02-10440
The growth of wood decay fungi has previously been shown to be inhibited by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from selected Trichoderma isolates. No mechanism of action has however been established for such inhibition. This paper reports the effects of VOCs produced by Trichoderma pseudokoningii, T. viride and T. aureoviride on the growth of four dry rot isolates and corresponding protein synthesi...
S Humphris, R Wheatley, E Buultjens, A Bruce
Resistance of acetylated wood to biological degradation. Evaluation of field test
1997 - IRG/WP 97-30139
Acetylated wood samples were tested in ground contact (stake test) at two test fields, one in Simlångsdalen, Sweden, and one in Viikki, Finland, according to European standard EN 252. The test samples were inspected annually and their condition was compared with that of untreated controls and of samples treated with two reference CCA preservatives. The use of untreated controls and preservative t...
P Larsson Brelid, R Simonson, Ö Bergman
Effect of nutrient regimes, temperature, pH, and wood sterilization method on performance of selected bioprotectants against wood staining fungi
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1551
The effect of nutrient regimes, incubation temperature, media pH, and wood sterilization method on performance of four potential bioprotectants (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas cepacia, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma harzianum) against wood staining fungi were evaluated using small ponderosa pine samples over a four week period. Incubation at 32°C resulted in slight increases in the degree of...
J J Morrell, C M Secton
Preliminary evaluations of a small wafer assay for screening potential biological control agents
1989 - IRG/WP 2332
Screening potential biological agents for controlling wood decay fungi poses a dilemma. The ideal test would eliminate as many variables as possible. Most tests utilize pure cultures of the test organism on an artificial media which in no way resembles wood. The use of sawdust improves this approach, but the sawdust increases fungal access to the lignocellulose matrix, potentially inflating the im...
C M Freitag, J J Morrell
European standardization for wood preservation
1991 - IRG/WP 2365
Since the last IRG 21 conference in New-Zealand, there one meeting of the plenary committee and several meetings of working groups. The interprative documents prepared by CCE for expliciting the essential requirements of the CCE Directive on the construction products and specially: mechanical resistance and stability / hygiene, health and environment / safety in use
are waited to valid the progra...
Anonymous
Sawn timber of fir (Abies alba Mill.) - Treatability and usability for the Hazard Classes 3 and 4
1999 - IRG/WP 99-40147
Within a national research project, tests on the treatability on sawn timber of fir (Abies alba Mill.) in oscillation pressure, vacuum pressure and double-vacuum processes have been worked out with 95 trunks taken from 3 different altitude levels (up to a height of 590 metres, 600 to 990 metres and over 1000 metres) and from 4 different regions of Switzerland. As the treatability of round wood can...
E Graf, T Bör
The Effect on Biological and Moisture Resistance of Epichlorohydrin Chemically Modified Wood
2002 - IRG/WP 02-40224
Southern pine solid wood and fiber were chemically modified with epichlorohydrin to help in understanding the role of moisture in the mechanism of biological effectiveness of chemically modified wood. The solid wood had weight gains from 11% to 34%, while the fiber had weight gains from 9% to 75%. After modification, part of the specimens were water leached
for 2 weeks or extracted for 2 hours ...
R E Ibach, B-G Lee
Improved preservative penetration of spruce after pre-treatment with selected fungi. II. Creosote treatment, analysis and strength testing
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40106
This paper describes the creosote treatment and analysis of logs pre-treated with selected fungal agents as a method of increasing the porosity of the wood prior to preservative treatment. The paper also reports the subsequent strength testing of the timber to evaluate the effects of the fungal pre-treatment on the structural integrity of the wood.
European spruce logs were pre-treated with eithe...
E J Tucker, A Bruce, H J Staines, B Rosner, K Messner
Biological control of wood decay
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1531
This paper provides a general discussion of the principles underlying the concept of using biological control agents for the protection of wooden materials from decay. The rationale for the current upsurge in interest in biological control is discussed and a critical appraisal of the technology compared with the use of chemical wood preservatives is included. The advantages and limitations associa...
A Bruce
Biological Safety Evaluation of Animal Contact of Preservative-Treated Wood
2003 - IRG/WP 03-50196
Biological safety of preservative-treated woods that could be contacted to human and animal was evaluated for rat and rabbit exposed to CCA-, ACQ- and CCFZ-treated woods. The accumulation of preservatives ingredient in the rat’s plasma and viscera, and the transforming function of replacing preservatives were examined in this study. The result indicated that preservative-treated wood did not bri...
Dong-heub Lee, Dong-won Son, Myung Jae Lee, Chang Ho Kang, Cheon Ho Kim, Eui-Bai Jeung
Improved preservative penetration of spruce after pre-treatment with selected fungi. I. Fungal pre-treatment of pole sections
1998 - IRG/WP 98-40117
European spruce logs were pre-treated with either Phanaerochete chrysosporium, Dichomitus squalens, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma aureoviride for incubation periods of between 1-4 weeks prior to pressure treatment with creosote in a commercial treatment plant and analysed for strength and creosote uptake (see part II Tucker et al.). A method to pre-treat logs was optimised. The pole sections ...
B Rosner, K Messner, E J B Tucker, A Bruce
Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma spp. against basidiospores
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10027
All screening of potential biocontrol agents of wood decay fungi have previously been used against basidiomycete mycelium. Similarly, experiments designed to evaluate the mechanisms involved in antagonism (soluble metabolites and volatile antibiotics) between biological control agents and target fungi have always been carried out on mycelial inoculum. Basidiospores are a primary source of infectio...
U Srinivasan, T L Highley, S C Croan, A Bruce
Revised South African standards for wood preservation: Protocols for approval of wood preservatives
1995 - IRG/WP 95-20072
In 1994 the South African timber treatment industry completed its revision of the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) Code of Practice for the preservative treatment of timber. These revisions were undertaken in parallel with changes to the SABS specifications for preservative treated timber. As a result of shortcomings in the previous wood preservative classification system which was based o...
D Conradie, P Turner, W E Conradie, A D Currie, I S J Burger
Field studies investigating the efficacy of biological treatments in preventing decay of freshly-felled pine
1993 - IRG/WP 93-10022
Four species of fungi (Trichoderma viride, Ascocoryne sarcoides, Potebniamyces conifererum and Cryptosporiopsis terraconensis) and sterile distilled water were applied separately to unpeeled, freshly-felled pine billets. The fungi were all in the form of concentrated aqueous spore suspensions, and were spread onto the end-grains of the logs by brush. Destructive sampling of the billets was carried...
M W Schoeman, D J Dickinson
Application of DNA fingerprinting methods to identify biocontrol strains of fungi imperfecti
1994 - IRG/WP 94-10068
We have analyzed a number of biocontrol strains of Trichoderma harzianum and other Trichoderma strains with the methods DNA fingerprinting and PCR fingerprinting to differentiate and identify these strain which is not possible with morphological or biochemical methods. We could differentiate even gamma-ray induced mutants from each other as well as different strains form the same and different spe...
A Schlick, K Kuhls, W Meyer, E Lieckfeld, T Börner, K Messner
Biological control of wood decay fungi. - Part II. Effects of exogenous nitrogen on effectiveness
2000 - IRG/WP 00-10360
The effects of nitrogen (urea and ammonium nitrate) on the ability of Trichoderma harzianum to inhibit the enzyme capabilities and decay capacities of Trametes versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated using a small wood sandwich decay test. The biocontrol fungus generally had a greater effect on the brown rot fungus, confirming previous reports. Nitrogen produced inconsistent effects ...
E A Canessa, J J Morrell
Summary report: Symposium "The challenge - Safety and Environment"
1990 - IRG/WP 3590
This summary, presented orally to the audience before the closure of the meeting, received on the principles a wide consensus. It has been written down to be submitted for presentation and discussion at the IRG/21st meeting in ROTORUA, 13-18 may 1990. It cantains summaries from Dr C R Coggins, chairman of Session I (PESTICIDES AND FORMULATIONS); Dr B Hegarty, chairman of Session II (TREATED WOOD);...
Anonymous
Efficacy of waterborne copper naphthenate as preservative for northern hardwood species
1995 - IRG/WP 95-30091
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and red maple (Acer rubrum) cubes pressure treated with waterborne formulation of copper naphthenate were evaluated for resistance to attack by brown fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. (Madison 617 ATCC 11539) and Poria placenta (Fr.) Cooke (Madison 698, ATCC 11538), white rot fungi Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Pilat (R-105 from Jeff Morrell), Irpex...
D P Kamdem, R Fair, M H Freeman
Biological resistance of steam-compressed wood pretreated with boric compounds
1999 - IRG/WP 99-30190
Wood compression under heating is aimed to enhance dimensional stability and surface hardness. Preservative treatment with an appropriate chemical is additionally required for the protection of wood against biological agents under hazardous service conditions. Boron pretreatment of compressed wood was targeted to a mutual benefit of increasing biological resistance of compressed wood as boron was ...
M K Yalinkilic, W Dwianto, Y Imamura, K Tsunoda, M Takahashi
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) from Trichoderma spp.: effect of media composition on VOC production and level of inhibition of wood decay fungi
1997 - IRG/WP 97-10207
Production of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) by two Trichoderma isolates grown on either malt extract or minimal media was examined and statistically assessed to identify which VOC's were predominantly produced on each of the two media types. The VOC's were captured onto chromatographic absorbent from above the cultures of the fungi before being analysed by integrate...
A Bruce, R E Wheatley, C Hackett, A Kundzewicz
Chemical and biological investigations of double-vacuum treated windows after 5 years in service
1983 - IRG/WP 3219
In 1980 The Swedish Wood Preservation Institute initiated an investigation to study the degradation of TBTO and possible fungal attack in double-vacuum treated window joinery in service during 5 years. A hospital in Gothenburg was chosen that was built during 1969 to 1976. Both untreated and double-vacuum treated windows of Pinus sylvestris were used. A brown alkyl oil type paint (Nordsjö system ...
J Jermer, M-L Edlund, B Henningsson, W Hintze, S V Ohlsson
Effect of Pseudomonas cepacia on the activity of a mixture of wood staining fungi on ponderosa pine sapwood
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10107
There are major incentives for limiting the degree of fungal discoloration which occurs during wood processing. Most lumber producers apply prophylactic fungicides which limit microbial growth, but increasing restrictions on the use of these chemicals have encouraged the search for alternative stain prevention strategies. Among the possible strategies for stain prevention is biological control. Wh...
J J Morrell, R K Velicheti
Proceedings from the wood preservation symposium "The Challenge - Safety and Environment" 19-20 February 1990, Cannes, France
1990 - IRG/WP 3600
Contains the List of Participants and the following 29 Documents (IRG/WP/3562-3590):
Canadian code of good practices - Recommendations for design and operation of wood preservation facilities. (IRG/WP/3582)
Current models used by the European health authorities to evaluate the vililization of active ingredients from treated wood used inside dwellings. (IRG/WP/3565)
Creosote and cancer. (IRG/WP/...
Anonymous