Your search resulted in 457 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
Onset of mould growth – the effect of climate variability and different geographic locations
2010 - IRG/WP 10-20446
This paper presents a study on how climate conditions at numerous locations in Sweden affect the risk of onset of mould on wood sheltered outdoors. The results indicate that the risk is clearly higher in the south compared to the north of Sweden. These differences are mainly explained by colder and dryer winter periods in the north which is unfavorable for development of mould. The results also sh...
M Häglund, T Isaksson, S Thelandersson
Antifungal Effect of Bark and Wood Extracts of Condalia hookerii (Rhamnaceae), Ebenopsis ebano (Fabaceae) and Helietta parvifolia (Rutaceae) on Trametes versicolor
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30532
This research detail the growing inhibition effect on Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor fungi caused by hot water sawdust and bark extracts of three semi-arid land species Condalia hookerii, Ebenopsis ebano and Helietta parvifolia diluted in malt extract agar medium at 2000 ppm and 10000 ppm. After 12-14 days incubation the inhibition growing effect was measured based on the difference be...
A Carrillo, J G Marmolejo, F Garza, V Bustamante, M Garza
Studies on Effect of pH on Copper Availability in Copper-Based Preservatives
2010 - IRG/WP 10-30549
Laboratory methods have been employed to investigate the pH effect on the copper solubility of basic copper carbonate. The pH was controlled using two different approaches. One was with the adjustment of pH of the solutions by acid or base using sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide until the solution equilibriums were obtained for each defined pH. A second approach was to control pH with buffer sol...
L Jin, P Walcheski, A F Preston
Effect of 4 Preservatives on Physical, Mechanical and Mold-Resistant Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Boards
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40483
This study investigated the effects of 4 preservative systems on physical, mechanical and mold-resistant properties of bamboo oriented strand board (OSB) panels bonded with urea formaldehyde resin. Preservative A (Zinc Borate), B (IPBC), C (AAC+Borate) and D (carbendazim + prochloraz) were incorporated with strands during blending at three loading levels. The results showed that the mechanical and...
Juwan Jin, Daochun Qin, Wanshu Wei, Kuan Fan
Effect of borax-boric acid Treatment of simul (Bombax ceiba) Veneers on Glue-Bond Quality of Plywood
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40525
The glue-bond quality of plywood made of treated simul (Bombax ceiba) veneers was investigated. The veneers were treated with cold and hot water solution of borax-boric acid (BB) of different concentrations and treatment durations. The plywoods were made at three different pressures in hot press using urea formaldehyde glue. The glue-bond strength of untreated plywood in dry shear-test was found t...
K Akhter, Md Abul Hashem, S Akhter
Effect of Coatings on the Durability of Birch and Spruce Plywood. Part 1: Weathering Performance
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40526
Several different coated birch and spruce plywood types were investigated in Finland using outdoor weathering. The weather performance of the tested coated birch plywood was good compared with uncoated birch and spruce plywood. The paint base film coated and painted birch plywood performed well in outdoor testing at VTT's test site. Phenol film coated plywood was sensitive to UV light, but on...
A Nurmi, H Viitanen
Effect of Coatings on the Durability of Birch and Spruce Plywood. Part 2: Biological Durability
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40527
Several different coated birch and spruce plywood types were investigated in Finland using the combination of outdoor weathering and decay test EN 12038. The most important factor to affect on the biological performance of birch plywood, coated and uncoated, was edge sealing. For spruce plywood edge sealing had a smaller effect. However, in spite of positive effect against decay, edge sealing did ...
A Nurmi, H Viitanen
Effect of Nano-Silver Treatment on Densified Wood Properties. Part One: Swelling, Recovery Set, Bending Strength
2010 - IRG/WP 10-40533
In this research the effect of Nano-Silver treatment on compressed wood properties, was studied. Wood specimens were cut from Popolus alba (poplar) and impregnated with Nano-Silver and water. Then the saturated samples were compressed through radial direction in a hot press under pressure of 6 MPa, for 1 and 4 hours. The temperatures of press were 150°C and 175°C. Swelling (24h), recovery set ...
G Rassam, H Reza Taghiyari, B Jamnani, M Ali Khaje
Combined Effect of Boric Acid and Waste Oil Treatment on Boron Leaching
2010 - IRG/WP 10-50268
In this study it was aimed to investigate the boron leaching amounts in Scots pine wood samples treated with boric acid (BA) and waste oil (WO) alone or by dual treatment. The level of water absorption and water repellent efficiency were determined with cyclical wetting tests, total of 336 hours. Wood samples that have both covered and uncovered transversal section were impregnated with 3% boric a...
Ü C Yildiz, E Dizman
Effect of heating on aldehydes emissions from solid wood
2011 - IRG/WP 10-50277
We have found that acetaldehyde, a probable human carcinogen, is produced from wood through reaction with ethanol. Alcohols are increasingly being used in houses and buildings for cleaning purposes. Acetaldehyde emission from solid wood has been attributed to ethanol acidification by enzymes such as ethanol dehydrogenase. Heating could inactivate these enzymes. In this study, the effects of heatin...
A Ishikawa, K Miyamoto, S Tohmura, A Inoue
Effect of P/F ratio, PF concentration and treating method on boron leaching from wood treated with PF modified boron compounds
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30559
In order to immobilize boron in wood, three kinds of resol-type phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin with different P/F ratios were synthesized in laboratory and incorporated with three types of boron compounds to treat wood. The used boron compounds included boric acid (BA), borax (BX) and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT). The leaching test of boron from wood blocks was performed according to the...
Liping Yu, Jinzhen Cao
Novel Approaches to the Development and Testing of Anti After-glow Additives for CCA-based Treatments of Poles
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30561
In this paper, a field fire stake testing screen method is described. This method uses stake samples from matched wood sources allowing replicates from different boards to be included. The method is easy to control and can provide quick comparative fire resistance test results. The parameters measured from the tests are percentage weight loss, minimum residual circumference and residual thicknes...
L Jin, P Walcheski, A Preston
Tannin resin-boron for outdoor wood protection and fire retardancy
2011 - IRG/WP 11-30567
Boron in the form of boric acid is well known for its efficacy against wood destroying organisms, as well as for its high leachability from treated wood when in outside exposure. Moreover, due to the European directive 2008/58/EC, boric acid is only authorized at low levels. In order to keep considering boric acid as an interesting active ingredient for wood protection, the issue is now to fix it ...
M-F Thévenon, G Tondi, N Leménager, S Wieland, A Pizzi
Evaluation effect of kiln schedule on Warp, Twist, Bow and surface checks in Poplar Wood
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40565
In this research, to establish a kiln-drying schedule for poplar (Populus nigra) lumber with 75 mm thickness that cut down from North Khorasan province in Iran, with three schedules T5-D2 (Forest Product Laboratory), T5-D3 and T8-D5 were adapted for drying the lumbers down to the final moisture content of 8±2%. primary dry bulb temperature each three schedules was adjusted at 49,49 and 54°C and ...
M. Akhtari, M.Arefkhani
Effect of Nano-silver Treatment on Densified Poplar Wood Properties. Part Two: Spring Back, Compression set, Impact Load Resistance and Hardness
2011 - IRG/WP 11-40568
This paper is the second part of the study of applying nano-silver treatment before densification of poplar wood (Popolus alba). The specimens were prepared in four groups of: 1) nano-silver impregnated 2) water impregnated 3) dried with no impregnation and 4) the control specimens. The impregnation process was done by empty cell process. Then, the groups of 1 to 3 were compressed in a hot press a...
G Rassam, H Reza Taghiyari, B Jamnani, M Ali Khajeh
Effect of an antioxidant on the efficacy of organic wood preservatives in an accelerated soil contact decay test
2012 - IRG/WP 12-30583
In comparison to inorganic wood preservatives, organic biocides in transient carriers are considerably less effective when the treated wood is exposed to soil contact. Various oils are used in some formulations with pentachlorophenol to improve the efficacy. However, use of these oils imparts unacceptable properties to products used in residential applications. Consequently, there is a need to de...
D D Nicholas, J Shi, T P Schultz, L Sites
Effect of Biodiesel on the Efficacy of Pentachlorophenol Treated Wood
2012 - IRG/WP 12-30584
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is widely used as a wood preservative for utility poles and other wood products. Recently, it has been proposed that a modified PCP carrier system based on a diesel/biodiesel mixture should be used in place of the conventional diesel/KB3 carrier, but there is some question as to whether or not this modified carrier system can provide the same service life for wood products ...
S Keshani Langroodi, H Borazjani, D Nicholas, L Prewitt, S V Diehl
Effects of oil types and treatment temperature on the properties of wood subjected to thermal modification in oil medium
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40574
The effect of the use of oil as a medium of heat transfer during thermal modification of different species of wood has been widely investigated with different results accruing with regards to the various end-use properties of the materials. However very little have been done on the effect of oil types as well as its interaction with treatment temperature on the resultant properties of the material...
L Awoyemi, M M Apetogbor, A A Oteng-Amoako
Effect of preservative treatment on dimensional stability of plywood made of treated simul (Bombax ceiba) veneer
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40575
The dimensional stability such as thickness swelling and water absorption of plywood made of treated simul (Bombax ceiba) veneers were investigated after 2 hours and 24 hours soaking under water. The veneers were treated with hot water and cold water solution of borax-boric acid (1:1), neem leaves and mahogany seeds of different concentration (1:10, 1:20, and 1:40) at different treatment duration....
K Akhter, M Mahabubur Rahaman, A Ara
Effects of Nano-Wollastonite on Ignition Time Reduction in MDF
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40576
Effects of wollastonite nano-fibers on ignition time reduction in medium density fiberboard were studied. Nanowollastonite was applied at 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg dry weight basis of wood fibers and compared with control specimens. Two application methods of nanowollastonite were used: surface application, and internal application. Specimens of 150×130×9 mm were prepared and the ignition times wer...
H Reza Taghiyari, H Rangavar, P Noori, A Karimi
The effect of press time on springback and water absorption of acetylated particleboard
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40579
In this study the effect of press time on springback, thickness swelling and water absorption was investigated. After 24 hours soaking in acetic anhydride, in order to achieving WPG 17%, acetylated particles were heated in an oven at 120 0C for 360 minutes. Acetylated and nonacetylated (control) particleboards were produced with 10% melamine urea formaldehyde (based on the oven-dry weight of part...
F Bavaneghi, M Ghorbani, A Kargarfard
Study on the Effect of Combined Nanosilver-Hygrothermal Treatment on Wood Properties
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40581
In this study, the impregnation process with nanosilver solution, before hygrothermal treatment was carried out to investigate its effect on some physical and mechanical properties of Iranian beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and Russian imported spruce (Picea abies). Wood specimens were impregnated with nanosilver solution (400ppm) in an impregnation tank under pressure of 0.25 Mpa, for 20 minutes....
G Rassam, H Reza Taghiyari, A Karimi, B Jamnani, M Ebrahimi
The effect of nanozycosil on the water absorption and dimensional stability of Beech wood
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40606
Zycosil is a clear penetrating water repellent. This product works by penetrating into the substrate and modifying the surface tension to inhibit water intrusion. Beech wood (Fagus orientalis) was modified by treatment with nanozycosil. Then water absorption and dimensional stability in terms of volumetric swelling percent and anti-swelling efficiency were determined and found to be improved on t...
M Ghorbani, F Bavaneghi
Study on the Effect of Combined Nanosilver-Hygrothermal Treatment on Wood Properties
2012 - IRG/WP 12-40581
In this study, the impregnation process with nanosilver solution, before hygrothermal treatment was carried out to investigate its effect on some physical and mechanical properties of Iranian beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and imported Russian spruce (Picea abies). Wood specimens were impregnated with nanosilver solution (400ppm) in an impregnation tank under pressure of 0.25 Mpa, for 20 minutes....
G Rassam, H Reza Taghiyari, A Karimi, B Jamnani, M Ebrahimi
Succession after Fire of Fungal Fruiting Bodies in Mediterranean Pinus pinaster Stands in Spain
2012 - IRG/WP 12-10789
In this study we present the results of a 4-year survey aimed at describing the succession of fungal communities following fire in a Mediterranean ecosystem in Northwest Spain, dominated by Pinus pinaster Ait. After a large wildfire in 2002, six 2 x 50 m study plots were established in burned and unburned areas corresponding to early and late succession stages. During the autumn seasons from 2003 ...
P Vásquez Gassibe, M Hernández-Rodriguez, R Fraile Fabero, J A Oria-De-Rueda, P Martín-Pinto