Your search resulted in 91 documents. Displaying 25 entries per page.
A new technique for testing decay resistance of framing lumber
2002 - IRG/WP 02-20247
Model house frame units (two studs, top and bottom plates and a central “dwang”) were constructed using short (500-600 mm) lengths of framing timber. Constructed frames were impregnated with water using a mild pressure schedule to raise the initial moisture content to 35-40 % mc. The back face of each unit was then covered with black polyethylene. Two locations at the stud/dwang and stud/botto...
M E Hedley, D Page, B E Patterson
Probing red maple pit membrane pore size at FSP and OD using polystyrene macromolecules
2001 - IRG/WP 01-40217
A modified solute exclusion technique was used to pressure impregnate a polystyrene molecular weight (MW) series dissolved in styrene into red maple samples at approximately the fiber saturation point (FSP) and oven dry (OD). Radial penetration was less than tangential and FSP less than OD. There was a marked penetration change with MW in the tangential direction, although there appeared to be a ...
A Omidvar, M H Schneider, A R P Van Heiningen
A serial exposure technique for estimating probable service life of treated timber
1978 - IRG/WP 2111
This paper briefly describes part of our preliminary work aimed at developing a test procedure that culd be adopted as a standard method. A detailed version of the work has been submitted for formal publication. In both papers, the aim is to promote interest in extended laboratory testing of wood preservatives. It is believed that this work may provide the basis of a laboratory test procedure from...
J A Butcher
A technique for fructification and basidiospore production by Serpula lacrymans (Schum. ex fr.) SF Gray in artificial culture
1986 - IRG/WP 2255
A method for fructification and basidiospore production by Serpula lacrymans is outlined. A wheat flour/malt extract medium or an oat grain medium, enriched with alanine, tri-potassium phosphate and thiamine supported good fructification of the fungus at a temperature of 12°C. The influence on fructification of temperature, light and inoculum is discussed. To date, 22 stains from a total of 38 te...
S Cymorek, B M Hegarty
A technique for assessing the preventive efficacy against decay fungi of preservative treatments applied to wood
1988 - IRG/WP 2309
A method is described in which test blocks with envelope preservative treatments can be challenged by selected test fungi previously established on an untreated feeder block. The progress of the test fungus through the treated zone is monitored using novel baits or sensors inserted in holes drilled into blocks to within predetermined distances of the face being challenged. Preliminary results show...
J K Carey, A F Bravery
Potential toxicants for controlling soft rot in preservative treated hardwoods. Part 1: Laboratory screening tests using a filter paper technique
1977 - IRG/WP 290
Thirty-one miscellaneous formulations have been screened using a filter paper assay technique, for their efficacy in controlling the growth of Chaetomium globosum, Cephalosporium acremonium, and a mixed inoculum of finely ground soft-rotted wood obtained from preservative treated transmission poles. The formulations consisted of various organic compounds and inorganic preparations made from differ...
H Greaves
Studies on the preservative treatment of round bamboos by a new technique
1989 - IRG/WP 3536
Nature has offered a versatile and cheap material bamboo, which is generally found to grow principally in forest areas from sea level to about 400 m wherever suitable combination of ecological factors prevail. This potential renewable natural resource has been since times immemorial, exploited by mankind for a variety of purposes specially in developing countries like Asia, Africa and South Americ...
V R Sonti, S Sonti, B Chatterjee
Bait box technique for remedial subterranean termite contro
1995 - IRG/WP 95-10115
The bait box technique, as described in this paper, was first used as a method to apply the dust toxicant, arsenic trioxide, to large numbers of aggregated subterranean termites. Over the last twelve years or so the technique has been refined, and in recent years, gained acceptance as an alternative subterranean termite control measure by members of the Australian pest control industry. This baiti...
J R J French, B M Ahmed, D M Ewart
A laboratory technique to measure the performance of preservative treated hardwoods in ground contact
1982 - IRG/WP 2172
A laboratory technique to measure the performance of preservative treated timber in ground contact is described. It uses partially sealed blocks of timber which are treated, leached and sawn into small stakelets for soil exposure in a fungal cellar. Performance is monitored by the loss of static bending strength with time, and a simple apparatus for measuring the deflection of a stakelet under a l...
E F Baines
Application of a novel strength evaluation technique during screening of wood preservatives
1986 - IRG/WP 2262
The effectiveness of CCA and ACA in treated aspen mini stakes tested using a novel bag procedure, with unsterile soil fortified with Chaetomium globosum and Ceratocystis albida, is reported. Good agreement between toxic limits determined using the standard weight loss procedure, and those determined by the strength technique were found, with some indication that the strength loss method is more se...
J N R Ruddick
Molecular studies on house rot fungi by RAPD-PCR
1997 - IRG/WP 97-10195
For genetic information and in view as a possible diagnosis method various isolates of the dry rot fungus, Serpula lacrymans, the wild merulius, S. himantioides, and the cellar fungus, Coniophora puteana, from Asia, Europe and USA were investigated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based technique of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The banding patterns obtained revealed for S. lacr...
O Schmidt, U Moreth
A technique for the rapid assessment of wood surface degradation during weathering
1987 - IRG/WP 2281
Radiate pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) sapwood samples taken from four trees were converted into thin strips 100 x 10 x 0.085 (85 µm) mm³, (longitudinal x radial x tangential) in size and exposed in preweighed hatches to the weather inclined at 45° facing equatorially for 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days. Significant (P < 0.001) weight losses occurred with time over the exposure period. Differen...
P D Evans, D Abbott, S Thein
Characterization of checks and cracks on the surface of weathered wood
2000 - IRG/WP 00-40153
The surface roughness of unweathered and untreated pine; unweathered copper chromium arsenate type C (CCA) - treated pine; weathered CCA-treated pine; and weathered CCA-plus-water-repellent (WR) - treated pine was evaluated by a stylus tracing method. Surface roughness parameters Ra, Rz, Rmax, Rk, Rpk, and Rvk were measured. Ra, Rpk, and Rvk were the most appropriate parameters for describing modi...
D P Kamdem, Jun Zhang
A novel solvent penetration assessment technique for wood preservativation treatments using waterborne systems
1990 - IRG/WP 2346
Solvent and hence solute (a.i.) penetration during any wood preservation treatment cycle and the flow pathways taken by the solvent in the wood are crucial elements in determining the adequacy of any treatment. Inadequate solvent penetration into specimens or an inappropriate tissue throughflow pattern during impregnation will markedly affect the distribution pattern achieved by many non-diffusibl...
A J Pendlebury, J Coetzee, E Sorfa, A Botha
New approaches to practical evaluation method of bio-degradation of wooden construction - Non-destructive detection of defects using radar technique
2000 - IRG/WP 00-20214
There have been a number of researches and developments on the techniques and apparatus for the nondestructive evaluation of the biological deterioration in wood and wooden constructions, such as decay or insect attack in house, public buildings or in historically important architectures. As for the detection of the decay in wood, techniques using sound in audible or in ultrasonic frequency ranges...
Y Fujii, Y Komatsu, Y Yanase, S Okumura, Y Imamura, M Tarumi, H Takiuchi, A Inai
Detection of wood decay fungi in wood using a PCR-based analysis
1998 - IRG/WP 98-10279
We have developed a DNA-based assay to reliably detect brown rot and white rot fungi in wood at different stages of decay. DNA, isolated by a series of CTAB and organic extractions, was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using published universal primers and basidiomycete-specific primers derived from ribosomal DNA sequences. We have surveyed 7 species of brown rot fungi, 7 species of whit...
C Jasalavich, A Ostrofsky, J Jellison
The effectiveness of three tributyltin compounds in beech against soft rot fungi using a soil-bed technique: A preliminary report
1986 - IRG/WP 3390
The effectiveness, towards soft rot fungi, of bis (tributyltin) oxide, tributyltin ethanesulphonate (TBTES) and benzyltributylammonium tributyldichlorostannate in both leached and unleached beech stakes is compared to that of a CCA preservative (Tanalith CT 106), using a soilbed technique. In addition, the effect of test solvent (water or toluene) on the performance of TBTES is evaluated. Total ti...
R Hill, A H Chapman, B Patel, A Samuel, J K Carey
Identification of brown rot fungi on wood in above ground conditions by PCR, T-RFLP and sequencing
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10512
Fungi selected in test fields in Germany and Estonia and fungi (Coniophora puteana) cultivated on medium have been identified by the molecular methods PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), T-RFLP (Terminal Restricted Fragment Length Polymorphism) and sequenced to species level. The samples from the German field test showed that the fruit body sample was a different fungus than from the mycelium sample....
U Råberg, N Högberg, C J Land
Application of DNA fingerprinting methods to identify biocontrol strains of fungi imperfecti
1994 - IRG/WP 94-10068
We have analyzed a number of biocontrol strains of Trichoderma harzianum and other Trichoderma strains with the methods DNA fingerprinting and PCR fingerprinting to differentiate and identify these strain which is not possible with morphological or biochemical methods. We could differentiate even gamma-ray induced mutants from each other as well as different strains form the same and different spe...
A Schlick, K Kuhls, W Meyer, E Lieckfeld, T Börner, K Messner
rDNA-ITS sequence of Serpula lacrymans and other important indoor rot fungi and taxon-specific priming PCR for their detection
1999 - IRG/WP 99-10298
Taxon-specific priming polymerase chain reaction (TSPP) is a powerful molecular tool for fungal diagnosis. For its application to indoor rot fungi, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of the main fungal species causing wood rot in European buildings was amplified with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The ITS region was sequenced. The complete sequences are present...
O Schmidt, U Moreth
Aureobasidium or Hormonema? A Genetic Approach.
2004 - IRG/WP 04-10529
Aureobasidium pullulans is the main organism causing disfigurement of coatings on wood and the surface of exposed timber. This disfigurement of timber in-service is referred to as “bluestain in-service”. A. pullulans is also associated with the sapstaining of dead wood in the forest and in-service. A. pullulans is noted for its highly variable growth forms (polymorphisms). This variability pre...
M J Ray, D J Dickinson, M Buck
Preservative technique of three commercially important timber species –
Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo), Akasmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) and Ghoraneem (Melia azedarach) of Bangladesh
2005 - IRG/WP 05-40299
Wood is renewable resource and is widely used as construction material in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh. Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia auriculiformis and Melia azedarach, locally known as Sissoo, Akasmoni and Ghoraneem respectively are three important timber species of Bangladesh. These are used for different purposes normally without preservative treatment. Heartwood of Sissoo, Akasmoni and Ghor...
M R Bulbul, M O Hannan, P K Sarker, A A Mahafuz, G N M Ilias
Isolation and identification of the fungal flora in treated wood. Revised technique
1977 - IRG/WP 159
At the 8th Annual Meeting in Wildhaus a paper was presented for discussion on the isolation of fungi from treated wood.·Since then work of this nature has been undertaken at Imperial College and as a result a revision of that document has been made and is presented here. The main alterations are: 1) To streamline the isolation procedure 2) Modification of the benomyl agar 3) The inclusion of a st...
C P Clubbe, J F Levy
Biological control of internal decay in Scots pine poles: A seven year experiment
1992 - IRG/WP 92-1529
The interactions between key fungi were monitored, by non-destructive and destructive sampling methods, during the course of an experiment on the effectiveness of Scytalidium sp. and Trichoderma spp. for eliminating established infections of Lentinus lepideus (Fr. ex Fr.) Fr. in creosoted Pinus sylvestris poles. Although extensively isolated at the beginning and end of the experiment, Trichoderma ...
P I Morris, D J Dickinson, B Calver
A technique for measuring preservative loss or redistribution during leaching
1983 - IRG/WP 2199
Radiata pine sapwood stakes were treated with benzalkonium chloride (AAC) or copper-chrome-arsenate (CCA). After fixation and drying the outer 2 mm and 2-4 mm layers were removed from one radial longitudinal face. The planed face was coated with a waterproof coating and AAC-treated stakes were leached for 6, 12 or 18 weeks; 12 weeks for the CCA-treated stakes. After airdrying three 2 mm layers (0-...
J A Drysdale